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Paraben discharge into the environment is common due to its ubiquitous use in cosmetic products. A 2010 study on consumer available personal care products revealed that 44% of the tested products contain parabens. [17] When washing these products off the human body, they flow down the drain and into community wastewater.
Ingredients of cosmetic products are listed following International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients (INCI). These INCI names often differ greatly from systematic chemical nomenclature or from more common trivial names. The below tables are sorted as follows:
In the U.S., under the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act, certain accurate information is a requirement to appear on labels of cosmetic products. [6] In Canada, the regulatory guideline is the Cosmetic Regulations. [7] Ingredient names must comply by law with EU requirements by using INCI names. [8]
In most cosmetics paraben is used at low levels, ranging from 0.01 to 0.3%. [9] Butylparaben is used in low concentrations in liquid and solid medication suspensions, such as Tylenol ( acetaminophen ) and ibuprofen .
Castor oil and its derivatives are found in many cosmetics as it is "non-comedogenic" (does not exacerbate or contribute to acne). [3]Cerebrosides (cells from the nervous systems of cattle or swine) were once used in some high-end skin-care products to increase moisture retention and to create a smooth skin surface, [4] however the BSE controversy has put an end to this practice.
Propylparaben (also spelled propyl paraben) is the n-propyl ester of p-hydroxybenzoic acid.It occurs as a natural substance found in many plants and some insects. Additionally, it can be manufactured synthetically for use in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and foods. [1]
Finally, we evaluated more than 75 products, from popular drugstore brands to luxury brands, and lesser-known brands with exceptional products, rating each based on ingredients texture ...
Methylparaben is an anti-fungal agent often used in a variety of cosmetics and personal-care products. It is also used as a food preservative and has the E number E218. Methylparaben is commonly used as a fungicide in Drosophila food media at 0.1%. [ 5 ]