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In mathematics, Hilbert's second problem was posed by David Hilbert in 1900 as one of his 23 problems. It asks for a proof that arithmetic is consistent – free of any internal contradictions. Hilbert stated that the axioms he considered for arithmetic were the ones given in Hilbert (1900) , which include a second order completeness axiom.
Hilbert's problems are 23 problems in mathematics published by German mathematician David Hilbert in 1900. They were all unsolved at the time, and several proved to be very influential for 20th-century mathematics.
Hilbert's 2nd and 10th problems introduced the "Entscheidungsproblem" (the "decision problem"). In his 2nd problem he asked for a proof that "arithmetic" is "consistent". Kurt Gödel would prove in 1931 that, within what he called "P" (nowadays called Peano Arithmetic), "there exist undecidable sentences [propositions]". [4]
The second problem also remains unsolved: no upper bound for the number of limit cycles is known for any n > 1, and this is what usually is meant by Hilbert's sixteenth problem in the field of dynamical systems. The Spanish Royal Society for Mathematics published an explanation of Hilbert's sixteenth problem. [2]
Reid indicates that Hilbert's second problem (one of Hilbert's problems from the Second International Conference in Paris in 1900) evolved from this debate (italics in the original): In his second problem, [Hilbert] had asked for a mathematical proof of the consistency of the axioms of the arithmetic of real numbers.
In mathematics, Hilbert's program, formulated by German mathematician David Hilbert in the early 1920s, [1] was a proposed solution to the foundational crisis of mathematics, when early attempts to clarify the foundations of mathematics were found to suffer from paradoxes and inconsistencies.
Hilbert's second problem; Hilbert's third problem; Hilbert's fourth problem; Hilbert's fifth problem; No small subgroup; Hilbert's sixth problem; Hilbert's seventh problem; Hilbert's eighth problem; Hilbert's ninth problem; Hilbert's tenth problem; Hilbert's eleventh problem; Hilbert's twelfth problem; Hilbert's thirteenth problem; Hilbert's ...
In mathematics, Riemann–Hilbert problems, named after Bernhard Riemann and David Hilbert, are a class of problems that arise in the study of differential equations in the complex plane. Several existence theorems for Riemann–Hilbert problems have been produced by Mark Krein , Israel Gohberg and others.