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Germany was ruled by monarchs from the beginning of division of the Frankish Empire in August 843 to the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in August 1806. [1] [2] [3] During most of 19th century, independent German principalities were organized into various confederations, such as the Confederation of the Rhine dominated by Napoleon (1806-1913) and the German Confederation created by the ...
In April–May 1945, Karl Dönitz briefly became President upon the suicide of Hitler (in accordance with Hitler's last will and testament). The Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany of May 1949 created the office of Federal President of the Federal Republic of Germany (German: Bundespräsident der Bundesrepublik Deutschland).
Reich Chancellor of the German Reich / Reich Chancellor of the Greater German Reich: No. Portrait Name (born–died) Term of office Political party Cabinet Reichstag [a] Took office Left office Time in office 26: Adolf Hitler (1889–1945) 24 March 1933 30 April 1945 12 years, 37 days: National Socialist German Workers' Party: Hitler NSDAP: 9 ...
Adolf Hitler [a] (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was the dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933 until his suicide in 1945. He rose to power as the leader of the Nazi Party , [ c ] becoming the chancellor in 1933 and then taking the title of Führer und Reichskanzler in 1934.
This is a list of chancellors of Germany by time in office from 1867 to 2021, ... Adolf Hitler: 12 years, 90 days. 5. 4. Bernhard von Bülow: 8 years, 270 days. 6. 31.
In 1934, after the death of President Paul von Hindenburg, Adolf Hitler, who was already chancellor, assumed the powers of the presidency [2] as Führer und Reichskanzler ("Leader and Chancellor"). In his last will in April 1945, Hitler named Karl Dönitz president, thus briefly reviving the presidential office until just after the German ...
Adolf Hitler was born. 1890: 20 March: Bismarck was dismissed as Chancellor. [37] 1 July: Germany and the United Kingdom signed the Heligoland–Zanzibar Treaty, under which Germany renounced its claims over Zanzibar in exchange for the strategic island of Heligoland. [40] 1891: The Pan-German League was established. 1892: Rudolf Diesel ...
The Weimar Republic, [d] officially known as the German Reich, [e] was a historical period of Germany from 9 November 1918 to 23 March 1933, during which it was a constitutional republic for the first time in history; hence it is also referred to, and unofficially proclaimed itself, as the German Republic.