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Arabidopsis thaliana is an annual (rarely biennial) plant, usually growing to 20–25 cm tall. [6] The leaves form a rosette at the base of the plant, with a few leaves also on the flowering stem . The basal leaves are green to slightly purplish in color, 1.5–5 cm long, and 2–10 mm broad, with an entire to coarsely serrated margin; the stem ...
On the other side, some plants show adaptations to changes in soil salinity, in that the plant's exposure to salt initiates certain mechanisms for cell osmotic regulation and causes changes in this plant's water obtaining and loss behaviors. [1] One of such plants is the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, a member of the family Brassicaceae.
Arabidopsis (rockcress) is a genus in the family Brassicaceae.They are small flowering plants related to cabbage and mustard.This genus is of great interest since it contains thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana), one of the model organisms used for studying plant biology and the first plant to have its entire genome sequenced.
The following three genes in Arabidopsis thaliana possess both common and independent functions in floral transition: FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), LEAFY (LFY), SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1 (SOC1, also called AGAMOUS-LIKE20). [5] SOC1 is a MADS-box-type gene, which integrates responses to photoperiod, vernalization and gibberellins. [4]
Flowering Locus C [1] (FLC) is a MADS-box gene that in late-flowering ecotypes of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana is responsible for vernalization. In a new seedling FLC is expressed, which prevents flowering. Upon exposure to cold, less FLC is expressed (to a degree depending on the amount of cold), and flowering becomes possible. [2]
In the long day facultative plant Arabidopsis, ELF3 is a key inhibitor of photoperiodic flowering when plants are grown in non-inductive environmental conditions. [1] The EC represses the expression of GI, a positive regulator of flowering, in the early night by binding to the GI promoter and preventing its activation. [2]
Phytochrome can be used to measure the ratio of far red to red light, and thus to detect whether the plant is in the shade of another plant, so it can alter its growth strategy accordingly (photomorphogenesis). In Arabidopsis, phytochrome B is the predominant photoreceptor that regulates SAS. [3] Phytochromes exist in two forms: P R and P FR.
Enhanced lignification, a hallmark of thigmomorphogenesis, strengthens plant cell walls, contributing to mechanical resistance against environmental stressors. In species like Phaseolus vulgaris and Arabidopsis thaliana, mechanical stimulation induces enzymes involved in lignin biosynthesis, leading to thicker and more rigid stems. [4]