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The WHO AWaRe Classification is a method to categorize antibiotics into three groups in an effort to improve appropriate antibiotic use. [1] [2] The classification is based, in part, on the risk of developing antibiotic resistance and their importance to medicine. [1] [3] It does not reflect effectiveness or strength. [4]
European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) is a scientific committee for defining guidelines to interpret antimicrobial resistance. [1] It was formed in 1997 and is jointly organized by ESCMID , ECDC and other European laboratories.
In 1997, SHEA and the Infectious Diseases Society of America published guidelines to prevent antimicrobial resistance arguing that "…appropriate antimicrobial stewardship, that includes optimal selection, dose, and duration of treatment, as well as control of antibiotic use, will prevent or slow the emergence of resistance among microorganisms."
Despite this, antibiotic prescribing remains high with variance in adherence to guidelines. [ 138 ] The United Kingdom published a 20-year vision for antimicrobial resistance that sets out the goal of containing and controlling AMR by 2040. [ 139 ]
[1] [9] The results of antimicrobial susceptibility tests performed during a given time period can be compiled, usually in the form of a table, to form an antibiogram. [31] [32] Antibiograms help the clinician to select the best empiric antimicrobial therapy based on the local resistance patterns until the laboratory test results are available ...
If the current worldwide development of antimicrobial resistance is delayed by just 10 years, $65 trillion of the world's GDP output can be saved from 2014 to 2050. [24] Prescribing by an infectious disease specialist compared with prescribing by a non-infectious disease specialist decreases antibiotic consumption and reduces costs. [25]
Monthly Prescribing Reference (MPR) is a widely recognized medical publication that provides comprehensive drug information and prescribing guidelines for healthcare professionals. It is designed to serve as a quick reference guide for physicians, pharmacists, nurse practitioners, and other medical professionals involved in prescribing medications.
Empiric antimicrobial therapy is typically broad-spectrum, in that it treats both a multitude of either Gram-positive and/or Gram-negative bacteria, diverse fungi or parasites respectively. When more information is known (as from a blood culture ), treatment may be changed to a narrow-spectrum antimicrobial which more specifically targets the ...