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Differences in socialization of males and females are known to cause, decrease, or increase the magnitude of various sex differences. [3] [4] In most cultures, humans are subject from infancy to gender socialization. For example, infant girls typically wear pink and infant boys typically wear blue.
The development of sexual differences begins with the XY sex-determination system that is present in humans, and complex mechanisms are responsible for the development of the phenotypic differences between male and female humans from an undifferentiated zygote. [3]
Two of the most significant differences between puberty in females and puberty in males are the age at which it begins, and the major sex steroids involved, the androgens and the estrogens. Although there is a wide range of normal ages, females typically begin the process of puberty around age 10½; males at ages 11½—12.
Evolution may play a role in this phenomenon; the differences in play styles between boys and girls manifest into adult behavior. [ 30 ] Another study by Alexander and Saenz found that two-year-old girls preferred toys that were typically associated with females over those associated with males, but again, two-year-old boys showed only a small ...
The human brain. Differences in male and female brain size are relative to body size. [83] Early research into the differences between male and female brains showed that male brains are, on average, larger than female brains. This research was frequently cited to support the assertion that women are less intelligent than men.
There are few population differences in cognitive development: boys and girls show some differences in their skills and preferences, but there is a great deal of overlap between them. [53] Some differences are seen in fluid reasoning and visual processing, as until about the age of four girls outperform boys in tests of these skills, but by ...
In comparison to girls, it can be tricky to define when exactly sexual development in boys begins. For boys, puberty typically takes around 5 years to finish, as opposed to just 3 + 1 ⁄ 2 years for girls (menarche). By this point in time, they have already experienced their growth spurt and there are evident changes in their body shape ...
Until the maturation of their reproductive capabilities, the pre-pubertal physical differences between boys and girls are the external sex organs. On average, girls begin puberty around ages 10–11 and end puberty around 15–17; boys begin around ages 11–12 and end around 16–17.