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Rail transport in Spain operates on four rail gauges and services are operated by a variety of private and public operators. Total railway length in 2020 was 15,489 km (9,953 km electrified). [ 2 ] The Spanish high-speed rail network is the longest HSR network in Europe with 3,966 km (2,464 mi) and the second longest in the world, after China 's.
Transport in Spain is characterised by a network of roads, railways (including having high speed rail network that is the second longest in the world), trams, air routes, and ports. Its geographic location makes it an important link between Europe, Africa, and the Americas .
The history of rail transport in Spain begins in the 19th century. In 1848, a railway line between Barcelona and Mataró was inaugurated, [ 1 ] although a line in Cuba (then a Spanish overseas province) connecting Havana and Bejucal had already opened in 1837. [ 2 ]
AVE trains are operated by Renfe, the national passenger high-speed rail operator in Spain, but private companies such as Ouigo España and Iryo compete on the Madrid–Barcelona and other routes in accordance with the European Union legislation. French TGV services run from the border to Barcelona under the TGV inOui brand. Alvia and Euromed ...
Map of the world with rail density (length of rail network divided by area of country) highlighted. This does not necessarily reflect actual rail use. This is a list of countries by rail usage. Usage of rail transport may be measured in tonne-kilometres (tkm) or passenger-kilometres (pkm) travelled for freight and passenger transport ...
Avant is a high-speed, medium-distance passenger transport rail service, operated in Spain by the Spanish public company Renfe. [2] [3] Avant services circulate at a maximum speed of 250 km/h (160 mph), compared to the 300 km/h (190 mph) maximum speed of the AVE service.
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