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2. Korotkoff sounds - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korotkoff_sounds

   The five Korotkoff sounds. There are five Korotkoff sounds: [7] Phase I: The first appearance of faint, repetitive, clear tapping sounds which gradually increase in intensity for at least two consecutive beats is the systolic blood pressure. Phase II: A brief period may follow during which the sounds soften and acquire a swishing quality.

3. Auscultatory gap - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auscultatory_gap

   An auscultatory gap, also known as the silent gap, [1] is a period of diminished or absent Korotkoff sounds during the manual measurement of blood pressure. It is associated with peripheral blood flow caused by changes in the pulse wave. [2] The improper interpretation of this gap may lead to blood pressure monitoring errors, [1][2] such as an ...

4. Blood pressure measurement - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_pressure_measurement

   Blood pressure measurement. A medical student checking blood pressure using a sphygmomanometer and stethoscope. Arterial blood pressure is most commonly measured via a sphygmomanometer, which historically used the height of a column of mercury to reflect the circulating pressure. [1] Blood pressure values are generally reported in millimetres ...

5. Blood pressure - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_pressure

   35094-2. Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure of circulating blood against the walls of blood vessels. Most of this pressure results from the heart pumping blood through the circulatory system. When used without qualification, the term "blood pressure" refers to the pressure in a brachial artery, where it is most commonly measured.

6. Heart sounds - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_sounds

   The first heart sound, or S 1, forms the "lub" of "lub-dub" and is composed of components M 1 (mitral valve closure) and T 1 (tricuspid valve closure). Normally M 1 precedes T 1 slightly. It is caused by the closure of the atrioventricular valves , i.e. tricuspid and mitral (bicuspid), at the beginning of ventricular contraction, or systole .

7. Pulsus paradoxus - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulsus_paradoxus

   8452-5. Pulsus paradoxus, also paradoxic pulse or paradoxical pulse, is an abnormally large decrease in stroke volume, systolic blood pressure (a drop more than 10 mmHg) and pulse wave amplitude during inspiration. Pulsus paradoxus is not related to pulse rate or heart rate, and it is not a paradoxical rise in systolic pressure.