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In electrochemistry, the Nernst equation is a chemical thermodynamical relationship that permits the calculation of the reduction potential of a reaction (half-cell or full cell reaction) from the standard electrode potential, absolute temperature, the number of electrons involved in the redox reaction, and activities (often approximated by concentrations) of the chemical species undergoing ...
In generic terms, electrochemical potential is the mechanical work done in bringing 1 mole of an ion from a standard state to a specified concentration and electrical potential. According to the IUPAC definition, [4] it is the partial molar Gibbs energy of the substance at the specified electric potential, where the substance is in a specified ...
There are two main kinds of complex: compounds formed by the interaction of a metal ion with a ligand and supramolecular complexes, such as host–guest complexes and complexes of anions. The stability constant(s) provide(s) the information required to calculate the concentration(s) of the complex(es) in solution.
In battery technology, a concentration cell is a limited form of a galvanic cell that has two equivalent half-cells of the same composition differing only in concentrations. One can calculate the potential developed by such a cell using the Nernst equation . [ 1 ]
As salt concentration increases, the Debye length decreases due to the ions in solution screening the surface charge. [12] A special instance of this equation is for the case of 25 ∘ C {\displaystyle 25^{\circ }C} water with a monovalent salt. [ 4 ]
The analytical (total) concentration of a reactant R at the i th titration point is given by = + [] + where R 0 is the initial amount of R in the titration vessel, v 0 is the initial volume, [R] is the concentration of R in the burette and v i is the volume added. The burette concentration of a reactant not present in the burette is taken to be ...
Superconcentrated electrolytes, also known as water-in-salt or solvent-in-salt liquids, usually refer to chemical systems, which are liquid near room temperature and consist of a solvent-to-dissoved salt in a molar ratio near or smaller than ca. 4-8, i.e. where all solvent molecules are coordinated to cations, and no free solvent molecules remain. [1]
A standard half-cell consists of a metal electrode in an aqueous solution where the concentration of the metal ions is 1 molar (1 mol/L) at 298 kelvins (25 °C). [1] In the case of the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE) , a platinum electrode is used and is immersed in an acidic solution where the concentration of hydrogen ions is 1M, with ...