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The Western Medical Tradition: 800 BC to AD 1800 (1995); excerpt and text search. Bynum, W.F. et al. The Western Medical Tradition: 1800–2000 (2006) excerpt and text search; Loudon, Irvine, ed. Western Medicine: An Illustrated History (1997) online Archived 26 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine; McGrew, Roderick. Encyclopedia of Medical ...
Galenic medical texts embody the written medical tradition of classical antiquity. Little written word has survived from before that era. The volume of Galen's extant written works, however, is nearly 350 – far surpassing any other writer of the period. [74] Prior to Galen, much of medical knowledge survived through word of mouth.
One of the many types of medical specialists was an Iri, the Shepherd of the Anus. [25] Many of their medical practices were effective, such as the surgical procedures given in the Edwin Smith papyrus. Mostly, the physicians' advice for staying healthy was to wash and shave the body, including under the arms, to prevent infections.
[80] [81] Ancient Roman surgical tools called phlebotomes were used in operations known as phlebotomies. This tool is one of the most commonly mentioned tools in Ancient Roman medical literature. Despite this, there are no detailed descriptions of the phlebotome. This likely stems from the commonality of the instrument.
A 12th-century manuscript of the Hippocratic Oath in Greek, one of the most famous aspects of classical medicine that carried into later eras. The history of medicine is both a study of medicine throughout history as well as a multidisciplinary field of study that seeks to explore and understand medical practices, both past and present, throughout human societies.
About 2,300 years ago, a wealthy teen's family buried him with 49 amulets made of gold and semi-precious stones. His body was sitting in the basement of Cairo's Egyptian Museum for over 100 years.
The use of preparations similar to opium in surgery is recorded in the Ebers Papyrus, an Egyptian medical papyrus written in the Eighteenth Dynasty. [42] [44] [47] However, it is questionable whether opium itself was known in ancient Egypt. [48] The Greek gods Hypnos (Sleep), Nyx (Night), and Thanatos (Death) were often depicted holding poppies ...
The device saved the lives of thousands of patients (primarily children) whose lungs became paralyzed or weakened by polio, helping them to breathe, per Harvard Medical School.