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The disc brakes, made by the Girling company, were necessary because in that four-wheel drive (4×4) vehicle the epicyclic final drive was in the wheel hubs and therefore left no room for conventional hub-mounted drum brakes. [12] At Germany's Argus Motoren, Hermann Klaue (1912-2001) had patented [13] disc brakes in 1940.
The concept of brake pads or disc brakes as an alternative to drum brakes had been around at least as early as a patent by F. W. Lanchester in 1902. [2] However, due to high cost and inefficiencies compared to drum brakes they were not commonly implemented until after World War II. [3]
A mountain bicycle with disc brakes is less susceptible to mud buildup provided the rear frame and front fork yoke have sufficient clearance from the wheels. Disc brakes may be made of materials that dissipate heat better than the wheel rim, but undersized sport-sized discs will be too small to take advantage of this fact.
The brake lining is that part of the brake pad which actually contacts the metal brake disc (rotor) when the brake is engaged. Using a typical bicycle brake as an example, the backing would be the metal shell which provides mechanical support, and the lining would be the rubbery portion which contacts the rims when the brakes are applied.
Carbon/carbon (C/C) materials are used in the disc brakes of racing cars and airplanes, and C/SiC brake disks manufactured by the LSI process were qualified and are commercially available for sports cars. The advantages of these C/SiC disks are:
Later, disc brakes were used for the front and drum brakes for the rear. However disc brakes have shown better heat dissipation and greater resistance to 'fading' and are therefore generally safer than drum brakes. So four-wheel disc brakes have become increasingly popular, replacing drums on all but the most basic vehicles. Many two-wheel ...