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Kamen and other scholars cite the lack of evidence for the use of torture. Their conclusions are based on research uncovered in newly opened files of the Spanish Inquisition's archives. Stories of torture and other maltreatment of prisoners appear to have been based on Protestant propaganda as well as popular imagination and ignorance. [154]
The Black Legend of the Spanish Inquisition is the hypothesis of the existence of a series of myths and fabrications about the Spanish Inquisition used as propaganda against the Spanish Empire in a time of strong military, commercial and political rivalry between European powers, starting in the 16th century.
The elaborate tortures of this story have no historic parallels in the activity of the Spanish Inquisition in any century, let alone the nineteenth when under Charles III and Charles IV only four persons were condemned. The Inquisition was, however, abolished during the period of French intervention (1808–13).
The Mexican Inquisition was an extension of the events that were occurring in Spain and the rest of Europe for some time. Spanish Catholicism had been reformed under the reign of Isabella I of Castile (1479– 1504), which reaffirmed medieval doctrines and tightened discipline and practice.
Gustav Henningsen and Jaime Contreras studied the records of the Spanish Inquisition, which list 44,674 cases of which 826 resulted in executions in person and 778 in effigy (i.e. a straw dummy was burned in place of the person). [22] William Monter estimated there were 1000 executions in Spain between 1530–1630 and 250 between 1630 and 1730 ...
William Lamport (or Lampart) (1611/1615 – 1659) was an Irish Catholic adventurer, known in Mexico as "Don Guillén de Lamport (or Lombardo) y Guzmán". He was tried by the Mexican Inquisition for sedition and executed in 1659. [1]
The Spanish Inquisition, established by the Catholic Monarchs in 1478 in order to "purify" Spain and impose Catholicism, lasted 350 years until it was abolished (de facto) in 1834. [5] The Palace of the Forgotten has on display more than 70 instruments of torture used by the European and Spanish court of the Inquisition.
Eleno de Céspedes, also known as Elena de Céspedes (c. 1545 – died after 1588), was an Afro-Spanish surgeon and soldier. [a] While Céspedes was assumed to be a girl at birth and was initially married to a man, Céspedes later adopted a male identity and served as a soldier during the second Rebellion of the Alpujarras, eventually becoming a surgeon in peace time and marrying a woman.