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El Morro, Puerto Rico's main military fortification. Puerto Rico was considered the "Key to the Caribbean" by the Spanish because of its location as a way station and port for Spanish vessels. [10] In 1540, with revenue from Mexican mines, the Spanish settlers began the construction of Fort San Felipe del Morro ("the promontory") in San Juan.
December 10: Spain and the United States sign the Treaty of Paris. 1899. January 15: The U.S. military government in Puerto Rico changes the name of the island to Porto Rico. April 11: The Spanish–American War officially ends. 1900. April 12: President McKinley signs the Foraker Act, establishing civilian government on the island of Porto Rico.
In addition, approximately 17,000 people are members of the Puerto Rico Army and Puerto Rico Air National Guard, or the U.S. Reserve forces. [4] Puerto Rican soldiers have served in every US military conflict from World War I to the current military engagement known by the United States and its allies as the War against Terrorism.
The Puerto Rican status quo was again altered in 1909 when the Foraker Act, which replaced military rule with a civilian government in Puerto Rico, was modified by the Olmsted Amendment. [59] This amendment placed the supervision of Puerto Rican affairs in the jurisdiction of an executive department designated by the president of the United ...
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Puerto Ricans have participated in many of the military conflicts in which the United States has been involved. For example, they participated in the American Revolutionary War, when volunteers from Puerto Rico, Cuba, and Mexico enlisted in the Spanish Army in 1779 and fought under the command of General Bernardo de Gálvez (1746–1786), [6] and have continued to participate up to the present ...
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Despite this "free association," the Puerto Rican government and military remained under complete U.S. jurisdiction. [4] The 65th Infantry was deactivated in 1956, however the Department of the Army was persuaded to transfer the 65th Infantry from the regular Army to the Puerto Rico National Guard. Since then Puerto Ricans have served in ...