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Twelfth rib syndrome, also known as rib tip syndrome, is a painful condition that occurs as a result of highly mobile floating ribs.It commonly presents as pain that may be felt in the lower back or lower abdominal region as a result of the 11th or 12th mobile rib irritating the surrounding tissues and nervous systems.
Infants with type 1 thanatophoric dysplasia also have curved thigh bones, flattened bones of the spine (platyspondyly) and shortened thoracic ribs. Note: Prenatal ultra-sound images of the ribs sometimes appear asymmetrical when in fact they are not. In certain cases, this has caused a misdiagnosis of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) type II.
Hypoplasia (from Ancient Greek ὑπo-(hypo-) 'under' and πλάσις (plasis) 'formation'; adjective form hypoplastic) is underdevelopment or incomplete development of a tissue or organ. [1] Although the term is not always used precisely, it properly refers to an inadequate or below-normal number of cells. [2]
A cervical rib is estimated to occur in 0.2% [6] to 0.5% [7] (1 in 200 to 500) of the population. [8] People may have a cervical rib on the right, left or both sides. [9] [10] Most cases of cervical ribs are not clinically relevant and do not have symptoms; [11] [12] cervical ribs are generally discovered incidentally, most often during x-rays ...
Leukemia is the most common cancer in children, accounting for 25-30% of all cancers in children and adolescents. [1] [29] [27] It most commonly is diagnosed in children when they are 1–4 years old. The median age of diagnosis is 6 years old. Childhood leukemia is more common in boys than girls.
The most common location is the midthoracic vertebrae, especially the eighth (T8). [6] Neurologic signs result from severe angulation of the spine, narrowing of the spinal canal, instability of the spine, and luxation or fracture of the vertebrae. Signs include rear limb weakness or paralysis, urinary or fecal incontinence, and spinal pain. [5]
In the United States, three children per 1,000,000 or around 30 new AT/RT cases are diagnosed each year. AT/RT represents around 3% of pediatric cancers of the CNS. [4] Around 17% of all pediatric cancers involve the CNS, making these cancers the most common childhood solid tumor. [citation needed] The survival rate for CNS tumors is around 60%.
The most common areas of metastasis are the lungs, bone and bone marrow with less common areas of metastasis being the lymph nodes, liver and brain. [10] The presence of metastatic disease is the most important prognostic factor in Ewing Sarcoma with the 5 year survival rate being only 30% when metastasis is present at the time of diagnosis as ...