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Cupcakes baked with baking soda as a raising agent. Sodium bicarbonate (IUPAC name: sodium hydrogencarbonate [9]), commonly known as baking soda or bicarbonate of soda, is a chemical compound with the formula NaHCO 3. It is a salt composed of a sodium cation (Na +) and a bicarbonate anion (HCO 3 −).
The most common salt of the bicarbonate ion is sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO 3, which is commonly known as baking soda. When heated or exposed to an acid such as acetic acid , sodium bicarbonate releases carbon dioxide. This is used as a leavening agent in baking. [11]
In 2010, a new approach to measuring pH was proposed, called the unified absolute pH scale. This approach allows for a common reference standard to be used across different solutions, regardless of their pH range. The unified absolute pH scale is based on the absolute chemical potential of the proton, as defined by the Lewis acid–base theory
The method is appealing to such users because sodium bicarbonate is widely sold as baking soda, and the temperatures required (250 °F (121 °C) to 300 °F (149 °C)) to convert baking soda to sodium carbonate are readily achieved in conventional kitchen ovens. [18]
Using peat as an aquarium substrate can have the same effect. Many hours of boiling the driftwood may need to be followed by many weeks or months of constant soaking and many water changes before the water will stay clear. Raising the water's pH level, e.g. by adding baking soda, will accelerate the process of leaching. [26]
Using baking soda in your garden is more harmful than helpful.
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Natron is a naturally occurring mixture of sodium carbonate decahydrate (Na 2 CO 3 ·10H 2 O, a kind of soda ash) and around 17% sodium bicarbonate (also called baking soda, NaHCO 3) along with small quantities of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate. Natron is white to colourless when pure, varying to gray or yellow with impurities.