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  2. Letter frequency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letter_frequency

    The California Job Case was a compartmentalized box for printing in the 19th century, sizes corresponding to the commonality of letters. The frequency of letters in text has been studied for use in cryptanalysis, and frequency analysis in particular, dating back to the Arab mathematician al-Kindi (c. AD 801–873 ), who formally developed the method (the ciphers breakable by this technique go ...

  3. Frequency analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_analysis

    A typical distribution of letters in English language text. Weak ciphers do not sufficiently mask the distribution, and this might be exploited by a cryptanalyst to read the message. In cryptanalysis, frequency analysis (also known as counting letters) is the study of the frequency of letters or groups of letters in a ciphertext.

  4. The Final Countdown (film) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Final_Countdown_(film)

    In 1980, the aircraft carrier USS Nimitz departs Naval Station Pearl Harbor for naval exercises in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The ship takes on a civilian observer, Warren Lasky (Martin Sheen) — a systems analyst for Tideman Industries working as an efficiency expert for the U.S. Department of Defense — on the orders of his reclusive employer, Mr. Tideman, whose secretive major defense ...

  5. Letter frequencies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/?title=Letter_frequencies&...

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  6. Letter frequency effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letter_frequency_effect

    The letter frequency effect is an effect of letter frequency, according to which the frequency with which the letter is encountered influences the recognition time of a letter. Letters of high frequency show a significant advantage over letters of low frequency in letter naming, [ 1 ] same-different matching, [ 2 ] and visual search. [ 3 ]

  7. The Final Countdown - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Final_Countdown

    The Final Countdown, a 1980 science fiction film "Final Countdown" (Outlaw Star), a 1998 episode of the anime Outlaw Star; Saraba Kamen Rider Den-O: Final Countdown, a 2008 Japanese film, the third film adaptation of Kamen Rider Den-O ""The Final Countdown" (The IT Crowd), a 2010 episode of The IT Crowd

  8. Zipf's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zipf's_law

    This is the case for the frequency-rank plot of the first 10 million words of the English Wikipedia. In particular, the frequencies of the closed class of function words in English is better described with s lower than 1, while open-ended vocabulary growth with document size and corpus size require s greater than 1 for convergence of the ...

  9. File:English letter frequency (frequency).svg - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:English_letter...

    "a" 8.167 1 "e" 12.702 1 "b" 1.492 2 "t" 9.056 2 "c" 2.782 3 "a" 8.167 3 "d" 4.253 4 "o" 7.507 4 "e" 12.702 5 "i" 6.9662 5 " f" 2.228 6 "n" 6.749 6 "g" 2.015 7 "s" 6.327 7 " h" 6.094 8 "h" 6.094 8 "i" 6.966 9 "r" 5.987 9 "j" 0.153 10 "d" 4.253 10 "k" 0.772 11 " l" 4.025 11 "l" 4.025 12 "c" 2.782 12 "m" 2.406 13 "u" 2.758 13 "n" 6.749 14 "m" 2.406 14 "o" 7.507 15 "w" 2.360 15 " p" 1.929 16 "f ...