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Engineering fits are generally used as part of geometric dimensioning and tolerancing when a part or assembly is designed. In engineering terms, the "fit" is the clearance between two mating parts, and the size of this clearance determines whether the parts can, at one end of the spectrum, move or rotate independently from each other or, at the other end, are temporarily or permanently joined.
For example, if a shaft with a nominal diameter of 10 mm is to have a sliding fit within a hole, the shaft might be specified with a tolerance range from 9.964 to 10 mm (i.e., a zero fundamental deviation, but a lower deviation of 0.036 mm) and the hole might be specified with a tolerance range from 10.04 mm to 10.076 mm (0.04 mm fundamental ...
In mechanical engineering, limits and fits are a set of rules regarding the dimensions and tolerances of mating machined parts if they are to achieve the desired ease of assembly, and security after assembly - sliding fit, interference fit, rotating fit, non-sliding fit, loose fit, etc.
The ABEC scale is designed to provide bearing manufacturers dimensional specifications that meet the standards of precision bearings in a specified class. The scale is also used by manufacturers who produce equipment that require bearings must also know the dimensional tolerances to design parts that will accommodate a bearing.
An IT grade is an internationally accepted code system for tolerances on linear dimensions. Such code systems may be used to produce interchangeable parts. In engineering, the word tolerance refers to a range of allowable dimensions or values. Standard tolerance grades are a group of tolerances for linear sizes characterized by a common identifier.
ISO 3228:2013 Rolling bearings — Cast and pressed housings for insert bearings — Boundary dimensions and tolerances ISO 3230:1998 Aerospace — Rivets, solid, 100 degrees normal countersunk head with dome, metallic material, with or without surface treatment — Dimensions
A ball bearing. A bearing is a machine element that constrains relative motion to only the desired motion and reduces friction between moving parts.The design of the bearing may, for example, provide for free linear movement of the moving part or for free rotation around a fixed axis; or, it may prevent a motion by controlling the vectors of normal forces that bear on the moving parts.
This means that the smallest acceptable hole diameter will be 10.02 mm while the largest acceptable shaft diameter will be 10.01 mm, leaving an "allowance" of 0.01 mm. The minimum clearance between the hole and the shaft will then be 0.01 mm. This will occur when both the shaft and the hole are at maximum material condition.