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Subacute compression develops over days to weeks. Acute compression develops within minutes to hours. Acute compression may follow subacute and chronic compression, especially if the cause is abscess or tumor. Regardless of the pace, spinal cord compression will predictably progress over time. [1] [2]
Spinal Cord Tumor Presentations. Pain is the first symptom in >90% of patients presenting with epidural metastasis and occurs less frequently with intradural tumors. [6] Mechanisms of pain include spinal cord ischemia and traction on the periosteum, dura, nearby soft tissues, and nerve roots. [6]
Compression of the long tracts of the cord itself produces funicular pain and compression of a spinal nerve root produces radicular pain. Seventy percent of cases involve the thoracic, 20 percent the lumbar, and 10 percent the cervical spine; and about 20 percent of cases involve multiple sites of compression. The nature of the pain depends on ...
Cross-section of the spinal cord showing the dorsal column and the anterolateral spinothalamic tracts. Surgical cutting or destruction of peripheral or central nervous tissue is now rarely used in the treatment of pain. [43] Procedures include neurectomy, cordotomy, dorsal root entry zone lesioning, and cingulotomy.
The spinal cord is a long, cylindrical anatomical structure that is located within the vertebral cavity. It runs from the foramen magnum of the skull to the conus medullaris at the lumbar spine. [1] Most symptoms from spinal tumors occur due to compression of the spinal cord as it plays a primary role in motor and sensory function. [13]
In breast cancer, spinal-cord compression occurs when a bone metastasis or spinal metastasis begins to push on the spinal cord, resulting in inflammation and, if untreated, spinal cord injury. Radiotherapy is an important component of therapy for cord compression secondary to metastatic breast cancer, along with corticosteroids and laminectomy ...
This contributes to narrowing the spinal canal and compressing the spinal cord in the corresponding region. Herniated disk due to tearing of the spinal disk over time, causes the disk to protrude and exert pressure on surrounding spinal nerve tissue. Consequent compression on the spinal cord at the cervical region causes CSM. [12]
Sectional organization of spinal cord. The spinal cord is the main pathway for information connecting the brain and peripheral nervous system. [3] [4] Much shorter than its protecting spinal column, the human spinal cord originates in the brainstem, passes through the foramen magnum, and continues through to the conus medullaris near the second lumbar vertebra before terminating in a fibrous ...