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Symptoms of sensory neuropathy may sometimes precede the cancer diagnosis by several months. Immune mediated sensory neuronopathy is commonly associated with Sjogrens syndrome. [5] Sjogren's is most commonly affected by a length dependent axonal sensorimotor neuropathy characterized by symptoms in the extremities.
Peripheral neuropathy may be classified according to the number and distribution of nerves affected (mononeuropathy, mononeuritis multiplex, or polyneuropathy), the type of nerve fiber predominantly affected (motor, sensory, autonomic), or the process affecting the nerves; e.g., inflammation (), compression (compression neuropathy), chemotherapy (chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy).
Small fiber peripheral neuropathy is a type of peripheral neuropathy that occurs from damage to the small unmyelinated and myelinated peripheral nerve fibers. These fibers, categorized as C fibers and small Aδ fibers , are present in skin , peripheral nerves , and organs. [ 1 ]
Atypical cases of CIDP include multifocal acquired demyelinating sensory and motor neuropathy (MADSAM), Lewis-Sumner syndrome (LSS), and distal acquired demyelinating symmetric (DADS). DADS is a sensory or sensorimotor neuropathy that is symmetrical and length-dependent.
Patients with hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies are diagnosed through a physical evaluation that looks for muscle atrophy, weakness, and sensory responses. [3] In addition to this, electromyography and motor nerve conduction tests can help clinicians decide what type of motor and sensory neuropathy it is and how severe the disease is.
Additionally, BP control in those with diabetes is helpful, while intravenous immunoglobulin is used for multifocal motor neuropathy. [ 1 ] According to Lopate, et al., methylprednisolone is a viable treatment for chronic inflammatory demyelinative polyneuropathy (which can also be treated with intravenous immunoglobulin).
In 1975, Dyck and Otha proposed a descriptive classification of the diseases and introduced the term hereditary sensory neuropathy (HSN) which later was changed to hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy (HSAN) given the substantial autonomic involvement in the diseases. [3]
Megavitamin-B 6 syndrome is predominately a large fiber neuropathy characterized by sensory loss of joint position, vibration, and ataxia. [18] [26] Although it has characteristics of small fiber neuropathy in severe cases where there is impairment of pain, temperature, and autonomic functions. [62] [63] [14] [12] [59] [64] [17]