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Topical atropine is used as a cycloplegic, to temporarily paralyze the accommodation reflex, and as a mydriatic, to dilate the pupils. [15] Atropine degrades slowly, typically wearing off in 7 to 14 days, so it is generally used as a therapeutic mydriatic, whereas tropicamide (a shorter-acting cholinergic antagonist) or phenylephrine (an α-adrenergic agonist) is preferred as an aid to ...
Diphenoxylate/atropine, also known as co-phenotrope and sold under the brand name Lomotil among others, is used to treat diarrhea. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is a fixed-dose combination of the medications diphenoxylate , as the hydrochloride, an antidiarrheal ; and atropine , as the sulfate, an anticholinergic . [ 1 ]
Not more than 2.5 milligrams of diphenoxylate and not less than 25 micrograms of atropine sulfate per dosage unit [3] [note 1] N/A Not more than 100 milligrams of opium per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams [3] [note 1] N/A Not more than 0.5 milligram of difenoxin and not less than 25 micrograms of atropine sulfate per dosage unit [4]
A four-week multicenter, randomized placebo-controlled trial by Turner et al. [14] compared Donnatal® tablets (hyoscyamine sulfate - 0.1037 mg; atropine sulfate - 0.0194 mg; scopolamine hydrobromide - 0.0065 mg and phenobarbital - 16.2 mg) to belladonna alkaloids alone (hyoscyamine sulfate - 0.1037 mg; atropine sulfate - 0.0194 mg; scopolamine ...
The drug or other substance has a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. Abuse of the drug or other substance may lead to limited physical dependence or psychological dependence relative to the drugs or other substances in schedule III. The complete list of Schedule IV substances is as follows.
Diphenoxylate is a centrally active opioid drug of the phenylpiperidine series that is used as a combination drug with atropine for the treatment of diarrhea. Diphenoxylate is an opioid and acts by slowing intestinal contractions; the atropine is present to prevent drug abuse and overdose.
Organophosphate based nerve agent poisoning, such as VX, sarin, tabun, and soman (atropine is favoured in conjunction with an oxime, usually pralidoxime) [6] [7] Anticholinergics generally have antisialagogue effects (decreasing saliva production), and most produce some level of sedation, both being advantageous in surgical procedures.
Hyoscyamine (also known as daturine or duboisine) is a naturally occurring tropane alkaloid and plant toxin. It is a secondary metabolite found in certain plants of the family Solanaceae, including henbane, mandrake, angel's trumpets, jimsonweed, the sorcerers' tree, and Atropa belladonna (deadly nightshade).