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The attention mechanism is an enhancement introduced by Bahdanau et al. in 2014 to address limitations in the basic Seq2Seq architecture where a longer input sequence results in the hidden state output of the encoder becoming irrelevant for the decoder. It enables the model to selectively focus on different parts of the input sequence during ...
For many years, sequence modelling and generation was done by using plain recurrent neural networks (RNNs). A well-cited early example was the Elman network (1990). In theory, the information from one token can propagate arbitrarily far down the sequence, but in practice the vanishing-gradient problem leaves the model's state at the end of a long sentence without precise, extractable ...
During the deep learning era, attention mechanism was developed to solve similar problems in encoding-decoding. [1] In machine translation, the seq2seq model, as it was proposed in 2014, [24] would encode an input text into a fixed-length vector, which would then be decoded into an output text. If the input text is long, the fixed-length vector ...
The idea of encoder-decoder sequence transduction had been developed in the early 2010s (see previous papers [20] [21]). The papers most commonly cited as the originators that produced seq2seq are two concurrently published papers from 2014. [20] [21] A 380M-parameter model for machine translation uses two long short-term memories (LSTM). [21]
The idea of encoder-decoder sequence transduction had been developed in the early 2010s. The papers most commonly cited as the originators that produced seq2seq are two papers from 2014. [ 46 ] [ 47 ] A seq2seq architecture employs two RNN, typically LSTM, an "encoder" and a "decoder", for sequence transduction, such as machine translation.
An actual encoded sequence can be represented as a path on this graph. One valid path is shown in red as an example. This diagram gives us an idea about decoding: if a received sequence doesn't fit this graph, then it was received with errors, and we must choose the nearest correct (fitting the graph) sequence. The real decoding algorithms ...
T5 (Text-to-Text Transfer Transformer) is a series of large language models developed by Google AI introduced in 2019. [1] [2] Like the original Transformer model, [3] T5 models are encoder-decoder Transformers, where the encoder processes the input text, and the decoder generates the output text.
Since we don't know the alignment of the observed sequence with the target labels we predict a probability distribution at each time step. [3] A CTC network has a continuous output (e.g. softmax), which is fitted through training to model the probability of a label. CTC does not attempt to learn boundaries and timings: Label sequences are ...