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The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a highly selective semipermeable border of endothelial cells that regulates the transfer of solutes and chemicals between the circulatory system and the central nervous system, thus protecting the brain from harmful or unwanted substances in the blood. [1]
Edwin Goldmann (12 November 1862 – 12 August 1913) was a biomedical researcher and surgeon most famous for his contributions in first characterizing the blood–brain barrier. [ 1 ] Discovery of the blood–brain barrier
The blood–brain barrier is formed by special tight junctions between endothelial cells lining brain blood vessels. Blood vessels of all tissues contain this monolayer of endothelial cells, however only brain endothelial cells have tight junctions preventing passive diffusion of most substances into the brain tissue. [1]
Treating brain diseases has been a challenge due to the blood brain barrier. Previous studies evaluated the efficacy of delivery therapeutics through intranasal route for brain diseases and mental health conditions. Intranasal administration is a potential route associated with high drug transfer from nose to brain and drug bioavailability. [1]
The constrained intracellular pathway exacted by the tight junction barrier system allows precise control over which substances can pass through a particular tissue (e.g. the blood–brain barrier). At the present time, it is still unclear whether the control is active or passive and how these pathways are formed.
Blood-testis barrier, the biological barrier between blood and testes; Blood-placental barrier, the biological barrier between a pregnant individual's blood and foetal blood (blood of one or more foetuses) Blood-CSF barrier, the biological barrier between blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF; also called brain fluid)
Ehrlich's work illuminated the existence of the blood-brain barrier, although he himself never believed in such a barrier, with Lina Stern later coining the phrase. The medication triggered the so-called "Salvarsan war". On one side there was hostility on the part of those who feared a resulting moral breakdown of sexual inhibitions.
bEnd.3 is a mouse brain cell line derived from BALB/c mice. The cell line is commonly used in vascular research and studies of endothelial brain tissue. [1] In particular, bEnd.3 cells can serve as blood–brain barrier models for ischemia. [2]