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Knowledge is an awareness of facts, a familiarity with individuals and situations, or a practical skill. Knowledge of facts, also called propositional knowledge, is often characterized as true belief that is distinct from opinion or guesswork by virtue of justification. While there is wide agreement among philosophers that propositional ...
Definitions of knowledge aim to identify the essential features of knowledge. Closely related terms are conception of knowledge, theory of knowledge, and analysis of knowledge. Some general features of knowledge are widely accepted among philosophers, for example, that it involves cognitive success and epistemic contact with reality.
According to foundationalism, basic beliefs are the foundation on which all other knowledge is built while non-basic beliefs act as the superstructure resting on this foundation. [ 126 ] Coherentists reject the distinction between basic and non-basic beliefs, saying that the justification of any belief depends on other beliefs.
A priori knowledge is independent from any experience. Examples include mathematics, [i] tautologies and deduction from pure reason. [ii] A posteriori knowledge depends on empirical evidence. Examples include most fields of science and aspects of personal knowledge.
A thesaurus (pl.: thesauri or thesauruses), sometimes called a synonym dictionary or dictionary of synonyms, is a reference work which arranges words by their meanings (or in simpler terms, a book where one can find different words with similar meanings to other words), [1] [2] sometimes as a hierarchy of broader and narrower terms, sometimes simply as lists of synonyms and antonyms.
OpenCyc, [53] an open ontology and knowledge base of everyday common sense knowledge, has 12,000 terms linked to WordNet synonym sets. DOLCE, [54] is the first module of the WonderWeb Foundational Ontologies Library (WFOL). This upper-ontology has been developed in light of rigorous ontological principles inspired by the philosophical tradition ...
Common knowledge – knowledge that is known by everyone or nearly everyone, usually with reference to the community in which the term is used. Customer knowledge – knowledge for, about, or from customers. Domain knowledge – valid knowledge used to refer to an area of human endeavour, an autonomous computer activity, or other specialized ...
Information is not knowledge itself, but the meaning that may be derived from a representation through interpretation. [ 2 ] The concept of information is relevant or connected to various concepts, [ 3 ] including constraint , communication , control , data , form , education , knowledge , meaning , understanding , mental stimuli , pattern ...