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The Kodiak bear (Ursus arctos middendorffi), also known as the Kodiak brown bear and sometimes the Alaskan brown bear, inhabits the islands of the Kodiak Archipelago in southwest Alaska. [3] It is one of the largest recognized subspecies or population of the brown bear, and one of the two largest bears alive today, the other being the polar bear.
Arrows and spears were required hunting implements. Bear heads were usually left in the field as a sign of respect to the spirit of the bear. Kodiak bear were commercially hunted throughout the 1800s with the price paid for a bear hide being comparable to that paid for a beaver or river otter pelt (about US$10). [16]
The Alaskan Peninsula provides an important habitat for fish, mammals, reptiles, and birds. At the top of the food chain are the bears. Alaska contains about 70% of the total North American brown bear population and the majority of the grizzly bears, as well as black bears and Kodiak bears.
Considering pinnipeds [73] and polar bears [74] [44] [75] to be marine mammals, the Kodiak bear is the largest [76] [77] of the living land-based mammalian predators. The largest subspecies are the Kodiak bear (U. a. middendorffi) and the questionably-distinct peninsular giant bear or coastal brown bear (U. a. gyas).
The refuge has only six native species of mammals: Kodiak bear, red fox, river otter, ermine, little brown bat and tundra vole. The non-native mammals Sitka black-tailed deer , mountain goat , Roosevelt elk , caribou , marten , red squirrel , snowshoe hare , and beaver were introduced to the archipelago between the 1920s and 1950s and are now ...
Black bears didn't live in Alaska until the end of the last ice age. [18] Grizzly bear/Kodiak bear Ursus arctos ssp. Alaska contains about 98% of the U.S. brown bear population and 70% of the total North American population. [19] Brown bears can be found throughout the state, with the exclusion of some outlying islands. [19]
Kodiak Island, hence its name, is another place to view bears. An estimated 3,500 Kodiak grizzly bears inhabit the island, 2,300 of these in the Kodiak National Wildlife Refuge. [158] [159] The O'Malley River is considered the best place on Kodiak Island to view grizzly bears. [160]
Fishing vessels based in the city of Kodiak and Port Lions regularly fish the waters around Raspberry Island for the abundant salmon and halibut. Tourists frequent the two wilderness lodges that provide bear viewing, kayaking, extreme wilderness adventures and backpacking, ocean and fly fishing as well as hunting excursions.