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Plimpton 322 is a Babylonian clay tablet, believed to have been written around 1800 BC, that contains a mathematical table written in cuneiform script.Each row of the table relates to a Pythagorean triple, that is, a triple of integers (,,) that satisfies the Pythagorean theorem, + =, the rule that equates the sum of the squares of the legs of a right triangle to the square of the hypotenuse.
This is a timeline of pure and applied mathematics history.It is divided here into three stages, corresponding to stages in the development of mathematical notation: a "rhetorical" stage in which calculations are described purely by words, a "syncopated" stage in which quantities and common algebraic operations are beginning to be represented by symbolic abbreviations, and finally a "symbolic ...
1800 BC – Plimpton 322 contains the oldest reference to the Pythagorean triplets. [ 1 ] 1650 BC – Rhind Mathematical Papyrus , copy of a lost scroll from around 1850 BC, the scribe Ahmes presents one of the first known approximate values of π at 3.16, the first attempt at squaring the circle , earliest known use of a sort of cotangent ...
Pythagorean theorem: a 2 + b 2 = c 2. Thales (635–543 BC) of Miletus (now in southwestern Turkey), was the first to whom deduction in mathematics is attributed. There are five geometric propositions for which he wrote deductive proofs, though his proofs have not survived.
The Manual contains some discoveries made in ten years after the publication of History, for example the new edition of Rhind Papyrus (published in 1923), some parts of then unpublished Moscow Papyrus, [3] [4] [5] and decipherment of Babylonian tablets and "the newest studies" of Babylonian astronomy. [5]
Pythagoras (c. 570 – c. 495 BC) was credited with many mathematical and scientific discoveries, including the Pythagorean theorem, Pythagorean tuning, the five regular solids, the Theory of Proportions, the sphericity of the Earth, and the identity of the morning and evening stars as the planet Venus.
In 830 AD, Habash al-Hasib al-Marwazi discovered the tangent and the cotangent and produced the first table of these trigonometric functions. [41] [42] Muhammad ibn Jābir al-Harrānī al-Battānī (Albatenius) (853–929 AD) discovered the secant and the cosecant, and produced the first table of cosecants for each degree from 1° to 90°. [43]
[1] [2] Greek mathematicians lived in cities spread over the entire region, from Anatolia to Italy and North Africa, but were united by Greek culture and the Greek language. [3] The development of mathematics as a theoretical discipline and the use of deductive reasoning in proofs is an important difference between Greek mathematics and those ...