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Black people were not American citizens and could never be citizens, the court said in a decision roundly denounced by the Republican Party as well as the abolitionists. Because enslaved people were "property, not people", by this ruling they could not sue in court. The decision was finally reversed by the Civil Rights Act of 1865. [97]
August 14 – A lynch mob moves through Springfield, Illinois burning the homes and businesses of black people and black sympathisers, killing many. [citation needed] 1910. May 30 – The National Negro Committee chooses "National Association for the Advancement of Colored People" as its organization name. [citation needed]
In 1836, Alexander L. Twilight became the first African American to be elected as a state legislator in the United States. The United States has had five African-American elected office holders prior to 1867.
Obama became the first Black president in American history after winning the 2008 election race against John McCain. While in office, he earned a Nobel Peace Prize, worked to limit climate change ...
Although there were ordinances preventing blacks from assembling, the congregation grew from 14 people at its founding to 220 people by 1829. Two hundred of the parishioners were slaves, who could only travel to the church and attend services with the permission of their owners.
Black power movement; Post–civil rights era; Aspects; Agriculture history; Black Belt in the American South; Business history; Military history; Treatment of the enslaved; Migrations; Great Migration; Second Great Migration; New Great Migration
100 Greatest African Americans is a biographical dictionary of one hundred historically great Black Americans (in alphabetical order; that is, they are not ranked), as assessed by Temple University professor Molefi Kete Asante in 2002.
The Free Black in Urban America, 1800–1850: The Shadow of the Dream (University of Chicago Press, 1981). Diemer, Andrew K. The Politics of Black Citizenship: Free African Americans in the Mid-Atlantic Borderland, 1817–1863 (University of Georgia Press, 2016). xvi, 253 pp. Franklin, John Hope. Free Negroes in North Carolina. Hancock, Scott.