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Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini [a] (29 July 1883 – 28 April 1945) was an Italian politician who was the dictator of Fascist Italy from the March on Rome in 1922, until his overthrow in 1943. He was also Duce of Italian fascism from the establishment of the Italian Fasces of Combat in 1919, until his summary execution in 1945.
Mussolini and Petacci were executed the following afternoon, two days before Adolf Hitler's suicide. The bodies of Mussolini and Petacci were taken to Milan and left in a suburban square, the Piazzale Loreto, for a large angry crowd to insult and physically abuse. They were then hung upside down from a metal girder above a service station on ...
Mussolini entered politics in 1873 at the age of nineteen as a revolutionary socialist militant. [1] In 1874, Mussolini took part in political disturbances in Predappio, Italy. [1] Mussolini became a member of local government and was known by authorities for controversy and political violence against opponents. [2]
In November 1938, Mussolini declared to the Grand Fascist Council: "We shall bring our border to the Gotthard Pass". [76] The Fascist regime accused the Swiss government of oppressing the Romansch people in Graubünden. [75] Mussolini argued that Romansch was an Italian dialect and thus Graubünden should be incorporated into Italy. [77]
Mussolini's secret police was officially known as the Opera Vigilanza Repressione Antifascismo (usually known simply as the OVRA). During the 1920s in the Kingdom of Italy , anti-fascists, many of them members and supporters of the labor movement , fought against the violent Blackshirts and they also fought against the rise of the fascist ...
Mussolini’s bunker at Villa Torlonia in Rome was built nearly 20 feet underground and clad in 13-feet thick cement walls. Construction started in December 1942 and was not quite finished when ...
"The crimes and brutality of Mussolini were clearly known at the time." She said there was a strong attraction at the time between some academics at the university and Mussolini, who spent a few ...
Mussolini gave two speeches at the meeting on 23 March 1919, which contained a catch-all series of proposals intended to appeal to both the left and the right. [33] For the left, there were proposals to make Italy a republic based on equal suffrage for both sexes (at the time, only men could vote), to introduce referendums , to abolish the ...