Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
In chemistry, solvent effects are the influence of a solvent on chemical reactivity or molecular associations. Solvents can have an effect on solubility , stability and reaction rates and choosing the appropriate solvent allows for thermodynamic and kinetic control over a chemical reaction.
Ionic strength plays a crucial role in stability. In water-in-oil emulsions, as well as many others, the dielectric constant of the solvent is so low that the electrostatic forces between particles are not strong enough to have an effect on emulsion stability. Thus, emulsion stability depends greatly on the polyelectrolyte film thickness. [13]
Polar solvents can be used to dissolve inorganic or ionic compounds such as salts. The conductivity of a solution depends on the solvation of its ions. Nonpolar solvents cannot solvate ions, and ions will be found as ion pairs. Hydrogen bonding among solvent and solute molecules depends on the ability of each to accept H-bonds, donate H-bonds ...
The Stability of Matter: From Atoms to Stars. Selecta of Elliott H. Lieb. Edited by W. Thirring, and with a preface by F. Dyson. Fourth edition. Springer, Berlin, 2005. Elliott H. Lieb and Robert Seiringer, The Stability of Matter in Quantum Mechanics. Cambridge Univ. Press, 2010. Elliott H. Lieb, The stability of matter: from atoms to stars ...
Solute atoms should have a smaller radius than 59% of the radius of solvent atoms. [5] [6] The solute and solvent should have similar electronegativity. [7] Valency factor: two elements should have the same valence. The greater the difference in valence between solute and solvent atoms, the lower the solubility.
In addition to the entropic effect, we can expect an enthalpy change. There are three molecular interactions to consider: solvent-solvent , monomer-monomer (not the covalent bonding, but between different chain sections), and monomer-solvent . Each of the last occurs at the expense of the average of the other two, so the energy increment per ...
In chemistry, the cage effect [1] (also known as geminate recombination [2]) describes how the properties of a molecule are affected by its surroundings. First introduced by James Franck and Eugene Rabinowitch [ 3 ] [ 4 ] in 1934, the cage effect suggests that instead of acting as an individual particle, molecules in solvent are more accurately ...
1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (DMI) is a cyclic urea used as a high-boiling polar aprotic solvent. [2] This colourless, highly polar solvent has high thermal and chemical stability. Together with homologous solvent DMPU, since the 1970s it serves as an analog of tetramethylurea.