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If fungal cultures are required, the test is performed by a technologist who specializes in microbiology. [citation needed] Collection: Skin, nail, or hair samples are collected from the infected area on the patient. For skin samples, a scalpel or edge of a glass slide is used to gently scrape skin scales from the infected area.
In dermatopathology, the Tzanck test, also Tzanck smear, is scraping of an ulcer base to look for Tzanck cells. It is sometimes also called the chickenpox skin test and the herpes skin test. It is a simple, low-cost, and rapid office based test. [1] Tzanck cells (acantholytic cells) are found in: Herpes simplex [2] Varicella and herpes zoster
The specimen (scraping from skin, nail, or hair) is embedded in the DTM culture medium. It is incubated at room temperature for 10 to 14 days. If the fungus is a dermatophyte, the medium will turn bright red. If the fungus is not a dermatophyte, no color change will be noted.
The disease patterns below identify the type of fungus that causes them only in the cases listed: Dermatophytosis Tinea pedis (athlete's foot): fungal infection of the feet; Tinea unguium: fungal infection of the fingernails and toenails, and the nail bed; Tinea corporis: fungal infection of the arms, legs, and trunk
Fonsecaea pedrosoi is one of several main causative agents of human chromoblastomycosis, a chronic fungal infection localized to skin and subcutaneous tissue. [1] [8] [2] The disease was first described by Alexandrino Pedroso in 1911. [2] The fungus infects the host through the traumatic implantation of sexual spores known as conidia or hyphal ...
Tinea nigra, also known as superficial phaeohyphomycosis and Tinea nigra palmaris et plantaris, [2] is a superficial fungal infection, a type of phaeohyphomycosis rather than a tinea, that causes usually a single 1–5 cm dark brown-black, non-scaly, flat, painless patch on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet of healthy people. [1]
A KOH test can also be used, where skin scraping of the affected skin may also be taken and prepared with potassium hydroxide (KOH) and visualized under a microscope to look for Malassezia or other microbiological cells. Additionally, a fungal culture of the affected skin may be taken to attempt to grow and identify the causative organism. [11]
Athlete's foot funguses and infested skin particles and flakes may spread to socks, shoes, clothes, to other people, pets (via petting), bed sheets, bathtubs, showers, sinks, counters, towels, rugs, floors, and carpets. When the fungus has spread to pets, it can subsequently spread to the hands and fingers of people who pet them.