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Carcinoma of the tonsil is a type of squamous cell carcinoma. The tonsil is the most common site of squamous cell carcinoma in the oropharynx. It comprises 23.1% of all malignancies of the oropharynx. [1] The tumors frequently present at advanced stages, and around 70% of patients present with metastasis to the cervical lymph nodes. [2].
Oropharyngeal cancer, [1] [2] [3] also known as oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and tonsil cancer, [1] is a disease in which abnormal cells with the potential to both grow locally and spread to other parts of the body are found in the oral cavity, in the tissue of the part of the throat that includes the base of the tongue, the tonsils, the soft palate, and the walls of the pharynx.
In the United States, head and neck cancer makes up 3% of all cancer cases (averaging 53,000 new diagnoses per year) and 1.5% of cancer deaths. [124] The 2017 worldwide figure cites head and neck cancers as representing 5.3% of all cancers (not including non-melanoma skin cancers).
Tonsillectomy is a surgical procedure in which both palatine tonsils are fully removed from the back of the throat. [1] The procedure is mainly performed for recurrent tonsillitis, throat infections and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). [1]
Oral cancer has an overall 5 year survival rate of 65% in the United States as of 2015. [4] This varies from 84% if diagnosed when localized, compared to 66% if it has spread to the lymph nodes in the neck, and 39% if it has spread to distant parts of the body. [4] Survival rates also are dependent on the location of the disease in the mouth. [16]
One of the more serious conditions that can lead to scabs is skin cancer. Dr. Thosani says it more commonly occurs in those with thinner (or no) hair, as their scalp is exposed to more sunlight.
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After having frequent tonsil infections or severe diseases, bleeding from the tonsils tissues can occur. Furthermore, cancer cells can develop in the tonsil tissues. These are mostly uncommon but can still occur and can only be treated by surgically removing the tonsils from the both sides of the back of the throat. [7]