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The Statute also enforced the adoption of English common law in Wales, albeit with some local variation. [35] Welsh law continued to be used in some civil cases such as land inheritance, though with changes; for example, illegitimate sons could no longer claim part of the inheritance, which Welsh law had allowed them to do. [36]
Wales – which had been conquered centuries earlier, but had remained a separate dominion – was annexed to England under the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542. [75] Henry VIII's son and successor, the young Edward VI, continued with further religious reforms, but his early death in 1553 precipitated a succession crisis.
The Wales and Berwick Act defined "England" to include Wales in 1746, but the Welsh Language Act 1967, partly repealed this with the term "England and Wales". [4] The modern Welsh independence movement emerged during the mid-19th century, as did a movement for "home rule".
In the legal jurisdiction of England and Wales, Wales became unified with the kingdom of England; the "Principality of Wales" began to refer to the whole country, though it remained a "principality" only in a ceremonial sense. [112] [131] The Marcher lordships were abolished, and Wales began electing members of the Westminster parliament. [132]
The Council of Wales and the Marches, administered from Ludlow Castle, was initially established by Edward IV of England to govern the lands held under the Principality of Wales in 1472. [ 57 ] At the same time the Council of Wales was created in 1472, a Council of the North was set up for the northern counties of England.
England, Scotland & Wales (under a common king) Great Britain: James VI and I titled "King of Great Brittaine, France, and Ireland" although he did not actually rule France; Ireland effectively a subject nation: Kingdom of Ireland (Since 1541/42) 1707: Acts of Union 1707: England, Scotland & Wales (merging of parliaments) Kingdom of Great Britain
Under his son, Henry VIII of England, the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542 were passed, integrating Wales with England in legal terms, abolishing the Welsh legal system, and banning the Welsh language from any official role or status, but it did for the first time define the Wales–England border and allowed members representing constituencies ...
Long after the departure of the Romans, the Britons in what became Wales developed their own system of law, first codified by Hywel Dda (Hywel the Good; reigned 942–950) when he was king of most of present-day Wales (compare King of Wales); in England Anglo-Saxon law was initially codified by Alfred the Great in his Legal Code, c. 893.