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The etonogestrel implant, also called the contraceptive implant, or known by trade names Nexplanon or Implanon is one type of progestin-releasing birth control device implanted under the skin. It is approved for up to three years of use, but may be effective for up to five years.
It contains ethinylestradiol, an estrogen, and etonogestrel, a progestin. [2] It is used by insertion into the vagina. [1] Pregnancy occurs in about 0.3% of women with perfect use and 9% of women with typical use. [3] Common side effects include irregular vaginal bleeding, nausea, sore breasts, vaginitis, mood changes, and headache. [4]
Etonogestrel is a progestin, or a synthetic progestogen, and hence is an agonist of the progesterone receptor, the biological target of progestogens like progesterone. [16] It works by stopping ovulation , thickening the mucus around the opening of the cervix , and altering the lining of the uterus . [ 17 ]
When using the subdermal progestogen-only implants, unpredictable bleeding continues and amenorrhea is not commonly achieved amongst patients. [12] Progestogen-only contraceptive pills (sometimes called the "mini pill") are taken continuously without a 7-day span of using placebo pills, and therefore menstrual periods are less likely to occur ...
Hormonal contraceptives can come in multiple forms including injectables. Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), a progestin-only injectable, has been found to cause amenorrhea (cessation of menstruation); however, the irregular bleeding pattern returns to normal over time. [15] [16] DMPA has also been associated with weight gain. [16]
A contraceptive implant is an implantable medical device used for the purpose of birth control.The implant may depend on the timed release of hormones to hinder ovulation or sperm development, the ability of copper to act as a natural spermicide within the uterus, or it may work using a non-hormonal, physical blocking mechanism.
Progestogen-only contraception (or progestin-only contraception) relies on progestogens alone to achieve contraception. [1] It is one of the two major types of hormonal contraception , with the other major type being combined hormonal contraceptive methods (including both estrogen and a progestogen). [ 1 ]
Hormonal IUDs most frequently cause irregular menstrual bleeding. Other side effects include acne, breast tenderness, headaches, nausea, and mood changes. [21] [22] The most common side effects of non-hormonal or copper IUDs are increased pain and heavy bleeding during menstruation, and spotting between menstruation. Impacts on menstruation may ...