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While visible pollution caused by larger plastic items is well-documented, the hidden threat posed by nanoplastics remains under-explored. These particles originate from the degradation of larger plastics and are now found in various environmental matrices, including water, soil, and air.
There has been a significant increase of microplastic pollution due to the poor handling and disposal of plastic materials. [102] In particular, plastic pollution in the form of microplastics now can be found extensively in soil. It enters the soil by settling on the surface and eventually making its way into subsoils. [103]
Most of the plastics found were nano-sized shards or flakes of polyethylene, which is used in plastic bags, plastic food wrapping, and plastic water bottles. It's unclear what effect this may have ...
Such sources of secondary microplastics include water and soda bottles, fishing nets, plastic bags, microwave containers, tea bags and tire wear. [9] [8] [10] [11] Both types are recognized to persist in the environment at high levels, particularly in aquatic and marine ecosystems, where they cause water pollution.
As plastic breaks down over time, it degrades into smaller and smaller bits ‒ eventually small enough to slip inside the human body. Most of the plastics the scientists found in brain, kidney ...
At follow-up, nonfatal heart attack, nonfatal stroke or death from any cause occurred in 20% of those patients and in 7.5% of the patients without detectable plastic particles.
A more recent concern in microplastic pollution is the use of plastic films in agriculture. 7.4 million tons of plastic film are used each year to increase food production. [22] Scientists have found that microbial biofilms can form within 7–14 days on plastic film surfaces, and have the ability to alter the chemical properties of the soil ...
Marine pollution caused by plastic substances is recognized as an issue of the highest magnitude, from a pollution perspective. [27] A majority of plastics used in people's day to day lives are never recycled. Single use plastics of this kind contribute significantly to the 8 million tons of plastic waste found in the ocean each year. [2]