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The existence of section lines made property descriptions far more straightforward than the old metes and bounds system. The establishment of standard east-west and north-south lines ("township" and "range lines") meant that deeds could be written without regard to temporary terrain features such as trees, piles of rocks, fences, and the like, and be worded in the style such as "Lying and ...
(The distance AB along the parallel is (a cos φ) λ. The length of the chord AB is 2(a cos φ) sin λ / 2 . This chord subtends an angle at the centre equal to 2arcsin(cos φ sin λ / 2 ) and the great circle distance between A and B is 2a arcsin(cos φ sin λ / 2 ).) In the extreme case where the longitudinal separation ...
An isochrone map in geography and urban planning is a map that depicts the area accessible from a point within a certain time threshold. [1] An isochrone (iso = equal, chrone = time) is defined as "a line drawn on a map connecting points at which something occurs or arrives at the same time". [ 2 ]
Geographical distance or geodetic distance is the distance measured along the surface of the Earth, or the shortest arch length. The formulae in this article calculate distances between points which are defined by geographical coordinates in terms of latitude and longitude. This distance is an element in solving the second (inverse) geodetic ...
With the circumference of the Earth being approximately 40,000 km (24,855 mi), the maximum distance that can be displayed on an azimuthal equidistant projection map is half the circumference, or about 20,000 km (12,427 mi). For distances less than 10,000 km (6,214 mi) distortions are minimal.
Distance from the tangent point on the map is proportional to straight-line distance through the Earth: r(d) = c sin d / 2R [38] Logarithmic azimuthal is constructed so that each point's distance from the center of the map is the logarithm of its distance from the tangent point on the Earth.
Tobler's first law of geography, formalized as spatial autocorrelation, states that nearby locations are more likely to similar in many aspects than distant locations, typically being the result of a history of greater interactions between them. gravity models, distance decay and other models of spatial interaction are based on the tendency of ...
Until its dissolution in 2020, Amherst-based ODT Maps Inc. was the exclusive North American publisher of Peters and Hobo–Dyer projection maps. [ 25 ] [ 26 ] [ 27 ] On April 16, 2024, Nebraska Governor Jim Pillen signed a law that requires public schools to display maps based on the Gall–Peters projection, a similar cylindrical equal-area ...