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The artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus), [1] also known by the other names: French artichoke, globe artichoke, and green artichoke. In the United States, [2] it is a variety of a species of thistle cultivated as food. The edible portion of the plant consists of the flower buds before the flowers come into bloom.
Jerusalem artichokes are so well-suited for the European climate and soil that the plant multiplies quickly. By the mid-1600s, the Jerusalem artichoke had become a very common vegetable for human consumption in Europe and the Americas and was also used for livestock feed in Europe and colonial America. [11]
The cardoon (Cynara cardunculus / ˈ s ɪ n ər ə k ɑːr ˈ d ʌ n k j ʊ l ə s /), [2] [3] also called the artichoke thistle, is a thistle in the family Asteraceae. It is a naturally occurring species that also has many cultivated forms , including the globe artichoke .
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Cynara species are used as food plants by the larvae of many lepidopterans, such as the artichoke plume moth (Platyptilia carduidactyla), a pest of artichoke crops. [5] C. cardunculus is being developed as a new bioenergy crop in the Mediterranean because of its high biomass and seed oil yields even under harsh conditions. [6] [7]
Artichokes score big when it comes to helping lower triglycerides since they are one of the highest-fiber veggies: a ½-cup portion provides 4 grams of fiber, or about 16% of your daily fiber needs.