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The full end of slavery in the United States did not come until December 6, with the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. [29] In Native American territories that had sided with the Confederacy, slavery did not end until 1866. [30]
The border states of Maryland (November 1864) [11] and Missouri (January 1865), [12] and the Union-occupied Confederate state, Tennessee (January 1865), [13] all abolished slavery prior to the end of the Civil War, as did the new state of West Virginia (February 1865), [14] which had separated from Virginia in 1863 over the issue of slavery.
The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States between the Union [e] ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), which was formed in 1861 by states that had seceded from the Union.
During the Civil War, in November 1861, President Lincoln drafted an act to be introduced before the legislature of Delaware, one of the four slave states that did not secede from the Union (the others being Kentucky, Maryland, and Missouri), for compensated emancipation. [1] However, this was narrowly defeated.
In March 1862, Congress enacted an Article of War circumventing much of the Fugitive Slave Laws of 1793 and 1850, and in April Congress abolished slavery in Washington D. C. compensating slaveholders and offering money to assist in immigration of slaves to Haiti or Liberia.
Giving the states the option to reintroduce slavery meant that Lincoln was offering to end the war without slavery ever permanently ending. As late as the Hampton Roads Conference in 1865, Lincoln met with Confederate leaders and proposed a "fair indemnity," possibly $500,000,000, in compensation for emancipated slaves.
During the war some jurisdictions abolished slavery and, due to Union measures such as the Confiscation Acts and the Emancipation Proclamation, the war effectively ended slavery in most places. After the Union victory, the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution was ratified on December 6, 1865, prohibiting "slavery [and ...
In July 1862, Lincoln became convinced that "a military necessity" was needed to strike at slavery in order to win the Civil War for the Union. The Confiscation Acts were only having a minimal effect to end slavery. On July 22, he wrote a first draft of the Emancipation Proclamation that freed the slaves in states in rebellion.