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The siege was proving more difficult until Flamininus arrived with 4,000 Roman soldiers. [6] With the arrival of the new soldiers, the allied soldiers were encouraged and began bombarding the city again with their siege engines while the Rhodian and Pergamese fleet continued to put pressure on the Spartans from the sea.
The Roman army had not yet seen elephants in battle, [77] and their inexperience turned the tide in Pyrrhus' favour at the Battle of Heraclea in 280 BC, [74] [77] [79] and again at the Battle of Ausculum in 279 BC. [77] [79] [80] Despite these victories, Pyrrhus found his position in Italy untenable.
Like the other Greek city-states' armies, the Spartan army was an infantry-based army that fought using the phalanx formation. The Spartans themselves did not introduce any significant changes or tactical innovations in hoplite warfare, but their constant drill and superb discipline made their phalanx much more cohesive and effective.
There, a Roman army of some 10,000 soldiers—led by the governor of Cisalpine Gaul, Gaius Cassius Longinus—attempted to bar Spartacus' progress and was also defeated. [33] Plutarch makes no further mention of events until the initial confrontation between Marcus Licinius Crassus and Spartacus in the spring of 71 BC, omitting the march on ...
The majority of the Spartan army had accompanied Areus on campaign in Crete, where the Lacedaimonians were supporting the polis of Gortyn. [20] As such, Sparta must have seemed like an easy target to Pyrrhus. [15] Arriving outside Sparta in the evening, Cleonymus advised Pyrrhus to attack immediately to take advantage of the dearth of defenders.
The Persian army seems to have made slow progress through Thrace and Macedon. News of the imminent Persian approach eventually reached Greece in August thanks to a Greek spy. [49] At this time of the year, the Spartans, de facto military leaders of the alliance, were celebrating the festival of Carneia.
Archaeologists have unearthed a unique grave of a Roman soldier “from year 0” in the Netherlands, shedding light on the ancient civilisation’s presence in the region.. The 2,000-year-old ...
Appian says he was "a Thracian by birth, who had once served as a soldier with the Romans, but had since been a prisoner and sold for a gladiator". [9] Florus described him as one "who, from a Thracian mercenary, had become a Roman soldier, that had deserted and became enslaved, and afterward, from consideration of his strength, a gladiator". [10]