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Mucin genes encode mucin monomers that are synthesized as rod-shaped apomucin cores that are post-translationally modified by exceptionally abundant glycosylation. The dense "sugar coating" of mucins gives them considerable water-holding capacity and also makes them resistant to proteolysis , which may be important in maintaining mucosal barriers.
The periciliary liquid layer is so named as it surrounds the cilia and lies on top of the surface epithelium. [4] [5] [6] The periciliary liquid layer surrounding the cilia consists of a gel meshwork of cell-tethered mucins and polysaccharides. [7]
Mucus forms a layer (or layers, in the case of the colon) that separates the bulk of the luminal contents from the intestinal epithelium. The mucus consists of a highly glycosylated hydrated gel formed by mucin molecules that are secreted by goblet cells. The mucus prevents large particles from contacting the epithelial cell layer while ...
Mucoadhesion involves several types of bonding mechanisms, and it is the interaction between each process that allows for the adhesive process. The major categories are wetting theory, adsorption theory, diffusion theory, electrostatic theory, and fracture theory. [5]
A mucous membrane or mucosa is a membrane that lines various cavities in the body of an organism and covers the surface of internal organs. It consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells overlying a layer of loose connective tissue.
Below the mucin granules, surface mucous cells have a Golgi apparatus, the nucleus, and small amounts of rough endoplasmic reticulum. [4]: 577 Mucous neck cells are located within gastric glands. These are shorter than their surface counterpart and contain lesser quantities of mucin granules in their apical surface. [4]: 578
Mucin-4 (MUC-4) is a mucin protein that in humans is encoded by the MUC4 gene. [3] Like other mucins, MUC-4 is a high-molecular weight glycoprotein. [4]The major constituents of mucus, the viscous secretion that covers epithelial surfaces such as those in the trachea, colon, and cervix, are highly glycosylated proteins called mucins.
Beneath the epithelium, and extending through the thickness of the mucous membrane, is a layer of tubular, often branched, glands, the glands of Bowman, identical in structure with serous glands. The epithelial cells of the nose , fauces and respiratory passages play an important role in the maintenance of an equable temperature, by the ...