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The name Charlemagne, as the emperor is normally known in English, comes from the French Charles-le-magne ('Charles the Great'). [3] In modern German and Dutch, he is known as Karl der Große and Karel de Grote respectively. [4] The Latin epithet magnus ('great') may have been associated with him during his lifetime, but this is not certain.
The Holy Roman Empire was established in 962 under Otto the Great. Later emperors were crowned by the pope or other Catholic bishops. In 1530 Charles V became the last Holy Roman emperor to be crowned by a pope, Clement VII, albeit in Bologna. Thereafter, until the abolition of the empire in 1806, no further crownings by the pope were held.
On 25 December 800, Pope Leo III crowned the Frankish king Charlemagne Roman emperor, reviving the title more than three centuries after the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476. [18] The title lapsed in 924, but was revived in 962 when Otto I was crowned emperor by Pope John XII , as Charlemagne's and the Carolingian Empire 's successor.
Behind Charlemagne, a child page holds the royal crown that he just took off to receive the imperial one. It is quite likely that the fresco refers to the Concordat of Bologna, negotiated between the Holy See and the kingdom of France in 1515, since Leo III is in fact a portrait of Leo X and Charlemagne a portrait of Francis I. [3]
Holy Roman Emperors continued to be crowned in the Palatine Chapel until 1531. [1] In 1000, in what was most likely a symbolic exhibition, Otto III placed the tomb of Charlemagne in the chapel and paid homage to his remains. [6] The original tomb was probably a sepulchral niche, afterwards known as the "Karlsmemorie", but destroyed in 1788. [7]
The Imperial Crown of the Holy Roman Empire or Reichskrone, probably made for the coronation of Otto the Great in 962 at the workshops of the imperial monastery of Reichenau, was also later identified as the Crown of Charlemagne and as such appeared on the escutcheon of the Arch-Treasurer of the Holy Roman Empire and at the top of the coat of ...
Vita Karoli Magni (Life of Charlemagne) is a biography of Charlemagne, King of the Franks and Emperor of the Romans, written by Einhard. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The Life of Charlemagne is a 33 chapter account starting with the full genealogy of the Merovingian family, going through the rise of the Carolingian dynasty, and then detailing the exploits and ...
Statue of Charlemagne in front of Aachen's city hall. The site of Aachen was chosen by Charlemagne after careful consideration in a key moment of his reign. [4] Since his advent as King of the Franks, Charlemagne had led numerous military expeditions that had both filled his treasury and enlarged his realm, most notably towards the East.