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Other Muslim-majority states with notably more women university students than men include Kuwait, where 41% of females attend university compared with 18% of males; [150] Bahrain, where the ratio of women to men in tertiary education is 2.18:1; [150] Brunei Darussalam, where 33% of women enroll at university vis à vis 18% of men; [150] Tunisia ...
Arab women are under-represented in parliaments in Arab states, although they are gaining more equal representation as Arab states liberalise their political systems. In 2005, the International Parliamentary Union said that 6.5 per cent of MPs in the Arabic-speaking world were women, up from 3.5 per cent in 2000.
Since the mid-nineteenth century, Muslim women and men have been critical of restrictions placed on women regarding education, seclusion, veiling, polygyny, slavery, and concubinage. Modern Muslims have questioned these practices and advocated for reform. [1] There is an ongoing debate about the status of women in Islam.
Muslim women's roles and opportunities in public office vary depending on the country/region and the type of government in power. For this reason, one cannot generalize the subject of Muslim female political leaders. It is best to look at the histories of each country to get a better understanding of how Muslim women's roles have evolved over time.
Today both traditional and modernist thinkers look to Hawwa either to support or deny their argument regarding the equality of women in the religion. Specifically, those with a traditionalist view believe in the hadith and the interpretation that Hawwa was created from one of Adam's crooked ribs.
[14] Qutb's ideologies are still impactful for radical Islamists today, influencing such prominent Middle Eastern leaders as Ayman Zawahiri and terrorists as Osama bin Laden. [15] [16] In Islamic culture, the roles played by men and women are equally important.
To be Arab nations, states had to be members of the Arab League and recognize Arabic as the official language. Of these states, Rizzo et al. found that the Arab states were significantly less pro-gender equality and opportunity for women than the non-Arab states despite their shared Islamic faith. [6] [42]
Musawah ('equality'; in Arabic: مساواة) is a global movement for equality and justice in the Muslim family and family laws, [1] led by 'Islamic feminists' "seeking to reclaim Islam and the Koran for themselves", applying progressive interpretations of sacred texts usually referred as feminist tafsir.