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Phytophthora cinnamomi, also known as cinnamon fungus, is a soil-borne water mould [1] that produces an infection which causes a condition in plants variously called "dieback", "root rot", or (in certain Castanea species), "ink disease". Once infected soil or water is introduced, the organism can spread rapidly throughout an environment.
Phytophthora cinnamomi Phytophthora erythroseptica. Post harvest soft rot = leak disease Rhizopus stolonifer = Rhizopus nigricans Mucor piriformis. Powdery mildew Sphaerotheca macularis: Raspberry leaf spot Sphaerulina rubi Septoria darrowii [anamorph] = Cylindrosporium rubi. Root rot Collybia dryophila Cylindrocarpon destructans Fusarium spp.
CRR is usually caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi, but other Phytophthora pathogens may be responsible as well. [4] Phytophthora pathogens are a oomycetes, which indicates that water plays an important role in their lifecycle. The root tissue is infected by the zoospores, the motile life stage of the pathogen, which possess two flagella. The ...
Rhododendron ponticum showing classic symptoms of Phytophthora kernoviae in the UK. Phytophthora (from Greek φυτόν (phytón), "plant" and φθορά (phthorá), "destruction"; "the plant-destroyer") is a genus of plant-damaging oomycetes (water molds), whose member species cause economic losses on crops worldwide, as well as environmental damage in natural ecosystems.
Typical symptoms include yellow leaves, wilting, blackening and dieback or part or all of the plant, or lack of proteoid roots. [32] The most common pathogen is the soil-borne water mold Phytophthora cinnamomi, [33] which appears to be more problematic in cultivated plants than in wild populations. [34]
Castanea sativa affected by Phytophthora cambivora. Phytophthora × cambivora is a plant pathogen that causes ink disease in European chestnut trees (Castanea sativa).Ink disease, also caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi, is thought to have been present in Europe since the 18th century, and causes chestnut trees to wilt and die; major epidemics occurred during the 19th and 20th centuries.
Trials are underway using injections of phosphite into infected kauri trees, as this is an established treatment against Phytophthora cinnamomi in fruit trees such as avocados. Dr Ian Horner at Plant & Food Research began studying the effectiveness of phosphite in 2010. [15]
Flavonoids (contained in many medicinal plants) [5] Vitamin P, citrin Flavonoids, bioflavonoids Hemolytic anemia, kidney damage [5] Germander: Teucrium: Liver damage [3] [5] Ginger: Zingiber officinale: May increase the risk of bleeding [16] Ginkgo: gingko Ginkgo biloba: Bleeding [15] [16] American Ginseng