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Radio propagation is the behavior of radio waves as they travel, or are propagated, from one point to another in vacuum, or into various parts of the atmosphere. [1]: 26‑1 As a form of electromagnetic radiation, like light waves, radio waves are affected by the phenomena of reflection, refraction, diffraction, absorption, polarization, and scattering. [2]
VOACAP (Voice of America Coverage Analysis Program) [1] is a radio propagation model that uses empirical data to predict the point-to-point path loss and coverage of a given transceiver if given as inputs: two antennas (configuration and position), solar weather, and time/date.
For this reason, a propagation radio map is a function (,) of two locations and . In the case of channel-gain maps , γ ( r 1 , r 2 ) {\displaystyle \gamma (\mathbf {r} _{1},\mathbf {r} _{2})} is the gain of the channel when the transmitter is at r 1 {\displaystyle \mathbf {r} _{1}} and the receiver at r 2 {\displaystyle \mathbf {r} _{2}} (or ...
Magnitude of transfer functions of the zeroth mode and the first mode versus frequency at distances 1000, 3000, and 10000 km using day time conditions. Radio propagation within the ionosphere depends on frequency, angle of incidence , time of day, season, Earth's magnetic field , and solar activity.
Tropospheric propagation refers to the way radio signals travel through the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere, the troposphere, at altitudes up to about to 17 km (11 miles). Weather conditions in the lower atmosphere can produce radio propagation over greater ranges than normal.
Sporadic E (abbreviated E s or SpE) is an uncommon form of radio propagation using a low level of the Earth's ionosphere that normally does not refract radio waves above about 15 MHz. Sporadic E propagation reflects signals off relatively small ionization patches in the lower E region located at altitudes of about 95~120 km (50~75 miles).
Meteor scatter propagation. Meteor burst communications (MBC), also referred to as meteor scatter communications, [1] is a radio propagation mode that exploits the ionized trails of meteors during atmospheric entry to establish brief communications paths between radio stations up to 2,250 kilometres (1,400 mi) apart. There can be forward ...
PSK Reporter is an amateur radio signal reporting and spotting network and website started by Philip Gladstone in 2014 which allows operators to see where their radio signals are being received. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The platform works by collecting digital signal reports from software clients such as WSJT [ 3 ] and FLDIGI, [ 4 ] then mapping them to ...