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Six Sigma (6σ) is a set of techniques and tools for process improvement.It was introduced by American engineer Bill Smith while working at Motorola in 1986. [1] [2]Six Sigma strategies seek to improve manufacturing quality by identifying and removing the causes of defects and minimizing variability in manufacturing and business processes.
Six sigma accuracy in quality assurance in products and service can be achieved with dedication and commitment in work. The network of Dubbawalas is a shining example of realization of this accuracy. Dubbas (cans containing noon-meals for the clients from their homes) are delivered at destinations with stunning accuracy.
Lean Six Sigma is a synergized managerial concept of Lean and Six Sigma. [6] Lean traditionally focuses on eliminating the eight kinds of waste (" muda ") , and Six Sigma focuses on improving process output quality by identifying and removing the causes of defects (errors) and minimizing variability in (manufacturing and business) processes.
DPMO is stated in opportunities per million units for convenience: processes that are considered highly capable (e.g., processes of Six Sigma quality) are those that experience fewer than 3.4 defects per million opportunities (or services provided).
Measurement is the most important part of most Six Sigma or DFSS tools, but whereas in Six Sigma measurements are made from an existing process, DFSS focuses on gaining a deep insight into customer needs and using these to inform every design decision and trade-off.
The purpose of this step is to identify, test and implement a solution to the problem, either in part or as a whole depending on the situation. Identify creative solutions to eliminate the key root causes in order to fix and prevent process problems. One can use brainstorming or techniques like six thinking hats and random word.