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Karate (空手) (/ k ə ˈ r ɑː t i /; Japanese pronunciation: ⓘ; Okinawan pronunciation:), also karate-do (空手道, Karate-dō), is a martial art developed in the Ryukyu Kingdom. It developed from the indigenous Ryukyuan martial arts (called te ( 手 ) , "hand"; tī in Okinawan) under the influence of Chinese martial arts .
Masatoshi Nakayama (中山 正敏, Nakayama Masatoshi, April 13, 1913 – April 15, 1987) was an internationally famous Japanese master of Shotokan karate. [1] [2] [3] He helped establish the Japan Karate Association (JKA) in 1949, [4] and wrote many textbooks on karate, which served to popularize his martial art.
Although the earliest evidence of martial arts goes back millennia, the true roots are difficult to reconstruct. Inherent patterns of human aggression which inspire practice of mock combat (in particular wrestling) and optimization of serious close combat as cultural universals are doubtlessly inherited from the pre-human stage and were made into an "art" from the earliest emergence of that ...
1935 – “Karate” became the official name of the Okinawan martial arts, based on the traditional art of te (hand) and the term kara (empty or unarmed). 1936 – Gichin Funakoshi published the first edition of his book Karate-Do Kyohan, documenting much of the philosophy and traditional kata (forms) of modern karate. A second edition was ...
Okinawan martial arts refers to the martial arts, such as karate, tegumi and kobudō, which originated among the indigenous people of Okinawa Island. Due to its location (between " Mainland Japan " and Taiwan ), Okinawa was influenced by various cultures with a long history of trade and cultural exchange, including Japan , China and Southeast ...
Karate (lit. "empty-hand") has its roots in ancient martial practice in India and China.There is a popular tale of an Indian monk by the name of Bodhidharma, who brought a system of exercise and fighting techniques to the Shaolin Monastery in China around 525 A.D.
The term kickboxing (キックボクシング) was created by the Japanese boxing promoter Osamu Noguchi for a variant of muay Thai and karate that he created in the 1950s. American kickboxing was developed in the 1970s, as a combination of boxing and karate. Taekwondo was developed in the context of the Korean War in the 1950s. [citation needed]
Gichin Funakoshi laid out the Twenty Precepts of Karate [7] (or Niju kun [8]), which form the foundations of the art, before some of his students established the Japan Karate Association (JKA). Within these twenty principles, based heavily on bushido and Zen , lies the philosophy of Shotokan.