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In 2009 the government of Mexico created a regulatory pathway for genetically modified maize, [85] but because Mexico is the center of diversity for maize, gene flow could affect a large fraction of the world's maize strains. [86] [87] A 2001 report in Nature presented evidence that Bt maize was cross-breeding with unmodified maize in Mexico. [88]
MON 802 is an Insect Resistant maize under license from Monsanto Company. [2] Corn line MON802 was developed through genetic modification to be tolerant [3] to glyphosate herbicide and protect the plant from the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) (the Bt trait). [4] MON 809 is an Insect Resistant maize under license from Monsanto. [5]
Non-target organisms were unaffected, except for lower populations some parasitoid wasps due to decreased populations of their pest host European corn borer; European corn borer is a target of Lepidoptera active Bt maize. Biogeochemical parameters such as lignin content did not vary, while biomass decomposition was higher.
A study published in Nature in 2001 reported Bt-containing maize genes were found in maize in its center of origin, Oaxaca, Mexico. [104] Another Nature paper published in 2002 claimed that the previous paper's conclusion was the result of an artifact caused by an inverse polymerase chain reaction and that "the evidence available is not ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 5 February 2025. Foods produced from organisms that have had changes introduced into their DNA Part of a series on Genetic engineering Genetically modified organisms Bacteria Viruses Animals Mammals Fish Insects Plants Maize/corn Rice Soybean Potato History and regulation History Regulation Substantial ...
A 2002 review of the scientific literature concluded that "the commercial large-scale cultivation of current Bt–maize hybrids did not pose a significant risk to the monarch population" and noted that despite large-scale planting of genetically modified crops, the butterfly's population was increasing. [278]
In 2013, a second issue being seen across the world, was the development of Bt resistant pests limiting the usefulness of Bt crops. [ 15 ] Main drivers for the widespread resistance in India and China included the high proportion of Bt cotton being planted, 90% and 95% respectively in 2011, [ 9 ] [ 16 ] and few refuge areas.
Corn kernels are the fruits of maize. Maize is a grain, and the kernels are used in cooking as a vegetable or a source of starch. The kernels can be of various colors: blackish, bluish-gray, purple, green, red, white and yellow. The kernel of maize consists of a pericarp (fruit wall) fused to the seed coat.