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Structural violence is a form of violence wherein some social structure or social institution may harm people by preventing them from meeting their basic needs or rights.. The term was coined by Norwegian sociologist Johan Galtung, who introduced it in his 1969 article "Violence, Peace, and Peace Research". [1]
Structural vulnerability is a threat to any low-income individual that must caretake for a family. Social workers described these individuals as people that "In the largest richest country in the world, they work full time year around and some work multiple jobs as well, but they still do not earn enough to support their families."
Structural abuse is the process by which an individual or group is dealt with unfairly by a social or cultural system or authority. This unfairness manifests itself as abuse in a psychological , financial , physical or spiritual form , and victims often are unable to protect themselves from harm.
In its broadest sense, social vulnerability is one dimension of vulnerability to multiple stressors and shocks, including abuse, social exclusion and natural hazards. Social vulnerability refers to the inability of people , organizations, and societies to withstand adverse impacts from multiple stressors to which they are exposed.
The rates of violence by persons known to them were as much as three times higher for women than for men (2.8% for females and 0.8% for males). [20] In a one-year period, the highest rates of victimisation were consumer fraud (13.5% of respondents), theft from the car and personal theft (6.3% of respondents), and official bribe-seeking (5.2% of ...
Critical theory argues for a shift from "negative peace" described as absence of violence against individuals to "positive peace" described as the absence of structural violence. [46] This emerged rapidly at the end of the Cold War, and was encapsulated in the report of then-UN Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali, An Agenda for Peace. [26]
Violence can be broadly divided into three broad categories—direct violence, structural violence and cultural violence. [138] Thus defined and delineated, it is of note, as Hyndman says, that " geography came late to theorizing violence" [ 138 ] in comparison to other social sciences.
Vulnerability is defined in various ways depending on the nation and service arm concerned, but in general it refers to the near-instantaneous effects of a weapon attack. In aviation it is defined as the inability of an aircraft to withstand the damage caused by the man-made hostile environment. [ 31 ]