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Rizatriptan, sold under the brand name Maxalt among others, is a medication used for the treatment of migraine headaches. [1] [3] It is taken by mouth. [1] [3] It can also be applied on the tongue. [2] It is a serotonin (5-HT) 1B/1D receptor agonist (triptan). [1] [2] Common side effects include chest pain, dizziness, dry mouth, and tingling. [3]
Dihydroergotamine (DHE), sold under the brand names D.H.E. 45 and Migranal among others, is an ergot alkaloid used to treat migraines. [7] It is a derivative of ergotamine.It is administered as a nasal spray or injection and has an efficacy similar to that of sumatriptan.
With excessive use, medication overuse headaches may occur. [2] It is unclear if use during pregnancy or breastfeeding is safe. [4] The mechanism of action is not entirely clear. It is in the triptan class of medications. [2] Sumatriptan was patented in 1982 and approved for medical use in 1991. [5]
Their use is limited to less than ten times per month in order to reduce medication overuse headaches (MOH's). The oral dosage administrative form is considered less effective than nasal or parenteral forms and has been discontinued in Canada. [5] Ergotamine is contraindicated during pregnancy. [6]
Eletriptan, sold under the brand name Relpax and used in the form of eletriptan hydrobromide, is a second-generation triptan medication intended for treatment of migraine headaches. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] It is used as an abortive medication , blocking a migraine attack which is already in progress.
Rescue treatment involves acute symptomatic control with medication. [4] Recommendations for rescue therapy of migraine include: (1) migraine-specific agents such as triptans, CGRP antagonists, or ditans for patients with severe headaches or for headaches that respond poorly to analgesics, (2) non-oral (typically nasal or injection) route of administration for patients with vomiting, (3) avoid ...
The drugs of this class act as agonists for serotonin 5-HT 1B and 5-HT 1D receptors at blood vessels and nerve endings in the brain. The first clinically available triptan was sumatriptan, which has been marketed since 1991. Triptans have largely replaced ergotamines, an older class of medications used to relieve migraine and cluster headaches. [3]
[23] [30] If planning to conceive while using contraindicated medications, a washout and waiting period before conception is advised. [24] A herbal product, vitex agnus-castus should not be used during gestation due to undesirable hormonal effects. [32] Safety data supports the use of blue and red light therapy as non-drug treatments to consider.