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An airship, dirigible balloon or dirigible is a type of aerostat (lighter-than-air) aircraft that can navigate through the air flying under its own power. [1] Aerostats use buoyancy from a lifting gas that is less dense than the surrounding air to achieve the lift needed to stay airborne.
The Giffard dirigible or Giffard airship was an airship built in France in 1852 by Henri Giffard, it was the first powered and steerable airship to fly. The craft featured an elongated hydrogen -filled envelope that tapered to a point at each end.
Construction of USS Shenandoah, 1923, showing the framework of a rigid airship. A rigid airship is a type of airship (or dirigible) in which the envelope is supported by an internal framework rather than by being kept in shape by the pressure of the lifting gas within the envelope, as in blimps (also called pressure airships) and semi-rigid airships.
Giffard was born in Paris in 1825. He invented the injector and the Giffard dirigible, an airship powered with a steam engine and weighing over 180 kilograms (400 lb). It was the world's first passenger-carrying airship (then known as a dirigible, from French). [2]
A non-rigid airship, commonly called a blimp , is an airship (dirigible) [1] without an internal structural framework or a keel. Unlike semi-rigid and rigid airships (e.g. Zeppelins), blimps rely on the pressure of their lifting gas (usually helium, rather than flammable hydrogen) and the strength of the envelope to maintain their shape. Blimps ...
Due to the consumption of gas, the lifting force decreased, so the range of the airship had been limited. In 1872 Haenlein obtained a U.S. patent (No. 130 915) to use the otherwise wasted gas in the dirigible's engines. On 13 December, Paul Haenlein tested the first airship with a gas engine in Brünn, achieving 19 km/h. This airship was a ...
The Giant (Russian: Гигант) was a semi-rigid airship designed by engineers Alexander Kovanko and Athanasius Shabsky. It was the largest dirigible built in Russia. In subsequent years, no airships of this size were created. The largest airship built in Russia, the SSR W-6 (Osoaviakhim), had a volume of only 18 500 m 3.
Graf Zeppelin was the only rigid airship to burn Blau gas; [39] [40] the engines were started on petrol [nb 6] and could then switch fuel. [24] A liquid-fuelled airship loses weight as it burns fuel, requiring the release of lifting gas, or the capture of water from exhaust gas or rainfall, to avoid the vessel climbing. Blau gas was about the ...