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Eleven of the 27 members of the 1952 National Executive Committee (NEC) were banned; and by 1955, 42 ANC leaders, including Walter Sisulu, had been banned. [11] During the 1950s, while the ANC intensified its domestic programme of protest action, it also began calling in the international arena for sanctions against the apartheid state.
HMS Dreadnought.The 1902, 1904 and 1907 agreements with Japan, France and Russia allowed Britain to refocus resources during the Anglo-German naval arms race. In explaining why Britain went to war with Germany, British historian Paul Kennedy (1980) argued that a critical factor was the British realisation that Germany was rapidly becoming economically more powerful than Britain.
The NCC was re-formed during August 1940, just over a year after conscription was reintroduced. [10] The corps was composed of conscripted men who had been registered as non-combatants by tribunals. [11] Unlike in the First World War, there were also enlisted members of the NCC who had been deemed not physically competent for combatant service ...
A Question Which Affects Our Prestige as a Nation: The History of British Civilian Internment, 1899–1945 (PDF) (Thesis). University of Birmingham; Payani, Panikos (2013). Prisoners of Britain: German Civilian and Combatant Internees During the First World War. Manchester: Manchester University Press. ISBN 9780719078347.
Militarism in a Global Age: Naval Ambitions in Germany and the United States before World War I (2012) excerpt and text search; online review; Bönker, Dirk. "Global Politics and Germany's Destiny 'from an East Asian Perspective': Alfred von Tirpitz and the Making of Wilhelmine Navalism." Central European History 46.1 (2013): 61–96.
Reforms in industrial conditions were set by Parliament. For example, in 1842, the nation was scandalized by the use of children in coal mines. The Mines and Collieries Act 1842 banned employment of girls and boys under ten years old from working underground in coal mines. [54] Opposition to the new order melted away, says Porter.
First raid on England by German Gotha heavy bomber aircraft at Folkestone in Kent. [26] 29 May 1917 A royal proclamation issued by King George V encourages a voluntary reduction in bread consumption. [26] 13 June 1917 First attack on London by German heavy bombers; 104 civilians were killed, including 18 children at an Upper North Street School ...
While we may expect people to struggle with countries like Bulgaria or Japan, there is a certain folklore to Britain’s relationship with Germany. Despite this, a mere 81% identified Germany as an enemy during the first world war, falling to three quarters (75%) of women and just over two thirds (69%) of 18–24-year-olds.