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Bounded elongation is the angular distance of celestial bodies from the center of the universe. Ptolemy's model of the cosmos and his studies landed him an important place in history in the development of modern-day science. In the Ptolemaic system, the Earth was at the center of the universe with the Moon, the Sun, and five planets circling it.
An edition in Latin of the Almagestum in 1515. The Almagest (/ ˈ æ l m ə dʒ ɛ s t / AL-mə-jest) is a 2nd-century mathematical and astronomical treatise on the apparent motions of the stars and planetary paths, written by Claudius Ptolemy (c. AD 100 – c. 170) in Koine Greek. [1]
This suggests Ptolemy rescaled his longitude data to fit with a figure of 180,000 stadia for the circumference of the Earth, which he described as a "general consensus". [61] Ptolemy rescaled experimentally obtained data in many of his works on geography, astrology, music, and optics.
The Earth and Moon are much closer to being a binary planet; the center of mass around which they both rotate is still inside the Earth, but is about 4,624 km (2,873 miles) or 72.6% of the Earth's radius away from the centre of the Earth (thus closer to the surface than the center).
The principal change was to space leap years differently so as to make the average calendar year 365.2425 days long, more closely approximating the 365.2422-day 'tropical' or 'solar' year that is determined by the Earth's revolution around the Sun. The reform advanced the date by 10 days: Thursday 4 October 1582 was followed by Friday 15 ...
The Ptolemaic system of celestial motion as depicted in the Harmonia Macrocosmica (1661). Science in classical antiquity encompasses inquiries into the workings of the world or universe aimed at both practical goals (e.g., establishing a reliable calendar or determining how to cure a variety of illnesses) as well as more abstract investigations belonging to natural philosophy.
Mercier (1992) notes that this is a substantial improvement over Ptolemy, and that a comparable further improvement in accuracy would not occur until the 17th century in Europe. [14]: 188 While knowledge of Ptolemy (and more generally of Greek science and philosophy) was growing in the Islamic world, it was declining in Europe.
Ptolemy I Soter (Ptolemy, son of Lagus): 304–285 BC; Ptolemy II Philadelphus: 284–247 BC; Ptolemy III Euergetes: 246–222 BC; Ptolemy IV Philopator: 221–205 BC; Ptolemy V Epiphanes: 204–181 BC; Ptolemy VI Philometor: 180–146 BC; Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II: 145–117 BC; Ptolemy IX Soter II: 116–81 BC; Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysus: 80 ...